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| Effects of different carbon additions on soil nitrogen distribution，leaching and N2O emission in farmland |
| Received:December 05, 2024 |
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| KeyWord:straw returning;biochar;organic fertilizer;N2O emission;nitrogen leaching |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | YANG Yize | College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment of Farmland in Hebei, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China | | | WANG Tiantian | College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment of Farmland in Hebei, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China | | | XU Xiaoyuan | Wanwei Original Culture Communication(Shaanxi) Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710054, China | | | JIAO Huiqing | College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment of Farmland in Hebei, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China | sxjcjhq11@163.com | | WEN Hongda | College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment of Farmland in Hebei, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China | wenhd@163.com | | LI Wenchao | College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment of Farmland in Hebei, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| To investigate the effects of different carbon additions on soil nitrogen distribution and loss in maize season, field experiments were conducted in Anxin County, Hebei Province in 2023. Six treatments were set up, including no fertilizer（CK）, single application of chemical fertilizer（NPK）, organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer（NPK+O）, biochar combined with chemical fertilizer（NPK+ B）, straw mulching combined with chemical fertilizer（NPK+S）and straw rotary tillage combined with chemical fertilizer（NPK+SS）. The contents of soil ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, the leaching loss of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, and the emission flux of N2O in maize season were determined. The results showed that the soil nitrate nitrogen content decreased gradually with the increasing depth in 0-60 cm soil layer, but a cumulative peak appeared at 80-100 cm soil layer. The content of soil ammonium nitrogen was significantly lower than that of nitrate nitrogen. The highest storage amount of inorganic nitrogen in the 0-140 cm soil layer was observed in the NPK+SS treatment at maize mature stage, while the lowest storage amount was observed in the NPK+B treatment. Soil nitrogen leaching was mainly dominated by nitrate nitrogen, which reached the leaching peak in August. The rule of inorganic nitrogen leaching amount in maize season was NPK（38.40 kg·hm-2）＞NPK+S（31.05 kg·hm-2）＞NPK+B（25.11 kg·hm-2）＞NPK+SS（23.51 kg·hm-2）＞NPK+O （21.13 kg · hm-2）＞CK（12.55 kg · hm-2）. Among them, the application of organic fertilizer and straw rotary tillage performed best in reducing nitrate nitrogen leaching, and biochar was most effective in reducing ammonium nitrogen leaching. The N2O accumulative emissions in NPK + O, NPK + B, NPK + S and NPK + SS treatments were significantly lower than that in NPK treatment. There was no significant difference among NPK+S, NPK+SS and NPK+B treatments. The lowest N2O emission was observed in the NPK+O treatment, which was 29.74% lower than that in the NPK treatment. Overall, the partial replacement of chemical fertilizer by organic fertilizer, straw returning and biochar addition could mitigate nitrogen leaching and N2O emission, among which the partial replacement of chemical fertilizer by organic fertilizer was demonstrated to be the most efficacy. |
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