|
| Effects of warming and straw return depth on photosynthetic characteristics and wheat yield |
| Received:June 10, 2025 |
| View Full Text View/Add Comment Download reader |
| KeyWord:warming;straw return depth;wheat;photosynthetic characteristics;yield |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | LIN Leili | School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230031, China | | | HOU Mingjun | School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230031, China | | | WANG Xiaoyu | School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230031, China | | | CHEN Yang | School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230031, China | | | LI Xiaoxiao | School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230031, China | | | SONG He | School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230031, China | | | WU Gong | School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230031, China | wugong@ahau.edu.cn |
|
| Hits: 70 |
| Download times: 7 |
| Abstract: |
| To investigate the effects of climate warming and straw return depth on wheat growth and crop yields, two temperature levels(T0: ambient temperature; T1: elevated temperature)were established using infrared radiation equipment to simulate field warming, along with four straw return depth(SR: straw removal; SM: straw mulching; S20: straw 0-20 cm returned; S40: straw 20-40 cm returned). This experimental design aimed to examine the interactive effects of warming and straw return depth on photosynthetic characteristics, leaf enzyme activities and wheat yield. Compared to ambient temperature, warming shortened the pre-anthesis period by 6 days and the post-anthesis period by 1 day, finally reducing the entire growth period by 7 days. During filling stage, warming suppressed enzyme activities related to nitrogen metabolism(glutamine synthetase, nitrate reductase, glutamine oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamine pyruvic transaminase)and antioxidant defense(superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase), while reducing leaf area and net photosynthetic rate. This resulted in the reductions of free amino acids content(29.8%)and soluble sugar content(30.9%). Compared to straw removal, straw mulching and 0-20 cm straw returned enhanced flag leaf nitrogen metabolism enzyme activities(21.4%-44.0%)and antioxidant enzyme activities(14.1%-63.0%), which delaying leaf senescence and maintaining post-anthesis net photosynthetic rate. Consequently, straw mulching and 0-20 cm straw returned increased free amino acids(19.2%-22.7%)and soluble sugars(7.9%-20.7%), ultimately promoting wheat grain filling. Meanwhile, there were significant interactions of warming and straw return depth on glutamine synthetase and catalase activities. Yield analysis revealed that warming reduced grain number per spike and 1 000-grain weight, resulting in a significant yield reduction of 5.1%. In contrast, straw mulching increased panicles number, grain number per spike and 1 000-grain weight, consequently enhancing wheat yield by 13.6%. Correlation analysis indicated significant positive relationships of wheat yield and net photosynthetic rate with nitrogen metabolizing enzymes and antioxidant enzymes. In conclusion, warming shorten wheat growth period, reduced post-anthesis photosynthetic capacity and leaf enzyme activities, inhibited the synthesis and accumulation of photosynthetic products, consequently reducing crop yields. While straw mulching and 0-20 cm straw returned regulated nitrogen metabolism and antioxidant capacity of post-anthesis, maintained photosynthetic characteristics, and delayed leaf senescence, finally mitigating the adverse effects of warming on wheat yield. |
|
|
|
