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| Combined effects of elevated ozone concentration and warming on the quality of wheat grains |
| Received:June 23, 2025 |
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| KeyWord:ozone;warming;wheat;protein;starch;mineral element |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | HAN Saiyan | Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasterss(CIC-FEMD), Nanjing 210044, China
Jiangsu Provincial University Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Ecological Meteorology, Nanjing 210044, China
School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China | | | FENG Zhaozhong | Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasterss(CIC-FEMD), Nanjing 210044, China
Jiangsu Provincial University Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Ecological Meteorology, Nanjing 210044, China
School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China | zhaozhong.feng@nuist.edu.cn | | XU Yansen | Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasterss(CIC-FEMD), Nanjing 210044, China
Jiangsu Provincial University Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Ecological Meteorology, Nanjing 210044, China
School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China | yansenxu@nuist.edu.cn | | HE Longxin | Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasterss(CIC-FEMD), Nanjing 210044, China
Jiangsu Provincial University Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Ecological Meteorology, Nanjing 210044, China
School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China | | | SHANG Bo | Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasterss(CIC-FEMD), Nanjing 210044, China
Jiangsu Provincial University Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Ecological Meteorology, Nanjing 210044, China
School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| Human activities have led to a concurrent increase in surface ozone（O3） concentration and temperature, both of which significantly impact crop growth. To thoroughly investigate the combined effects of elevated O3 and temperature on wheat grain quality, this study utilized an open-air O3 and temperature elevation platform（O3-T-FACE）. The experiment included two O3 levels：ambient concentration（A）and 1.5 times ambient concentration（E）, and two temperature levels：ambient temperature（CK）and canopy infrared warming by 2 ℃（W）. This resulted in four treatments：elevated O3, warming, elevated O3 + warming, and control. Two wheat cultivars with differing O3 sensitivity—Lianmai 7（O3-sensitive）and Nongmai 88（O3-tolerant）—were grown under each treatment to clarify their responses to the combined stressors. Post-harvest analyses determined grain protein, starch and its components, and mineral element contents. The results showed that elevated O3 significantly increased grain protein and most mineral element contents. Warming significantly decreased grain Ca content but increased Mg, P, and Zn contents. The responses of starch and its components to O 3 and temperature varied significantly between cultivars. Under elevated O3, Lianmai 7 exhibited significant decreases of 6.5% in total starch and 11.4% in amylopectin contents. Under warming, Nongmai 88 showed significant reductions of 7.0% in total starch and 8.8% in amylose contents, while its protein content increased significantly by 5.7%. The study demonstrates that elevated O3 and warming had no interactive effects on wheat grain quality. Lianmai 7 was sensitive to O3 but tolerant to warming, whereas Nongmai 88 was tolerant to O3 but sensitive to temperature increases. |
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