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| Effects of mulching and turning on ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions and functional microorganisms in pig manure composting |
| Received:February 27, 2025 |
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| KeyWord:aerobic composting;film covered compost;ammonia gas;greenhouse gases;gene abundance |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | WANG Wenzan | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100086, China | | | LIANG Haigang | Muyuan Foods Co., Ltd., Nanyang 473000, China | | | ZHANG Zherui | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100086, China | | | YU Sitian | Muyuan Foods Co., Ltd., Nanyang 473000, China | | | ZHU Zhiping | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100086, China | zhuzhiping@caas.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| To investigate the effect of mulching treatment on the reduction of NH3 and greenhouse gases（N2O, CH4）in aerobic composting of swine manure and the mechanism of its functional microorganisms, we set up a mulching static composting（FC）and a conventional turntossing composting（FT）, and monitored the temperature of the heap, the fluxes of gas emission and determined the abundance of nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and related functional genes（narG, nirK, nirS, nosZ）, methanogenic bacteria（mcrA）and methane-oxidising bacteria（pmoA）in a composting process for 25 days. The study showed that：the FC high temperature period（>50 ℃）lasted for 13 days, which was significantly longer than that of FT（9 days）; the cumulative NH3 and N2O emissions of FC were significantly reduced by 46.7% and 94.3%, respectively, compared with FT, and there was no significant difference in the CH4 emissions（P<0.05）; in the late stage of the experiment, the abundance of FC nitrifying bacteria was significantly higher than that of FT. Additionally, under FT treatment the abundance of denitrifying bacteria was high in the late stage, and the expression of key denitrifying functional genes（narG, nirK, nirS, nosZ）was enhanced（P<0.05）, resulting in a faster N2O emission rate; there was no significant difference in the abundance of methane producing bacteria and methane oxidizing bacteria between the two composting modes. The mulch composting achieved efficient synergistic emission reduction of NH3 and N2O by prolonging the high temperature period to inhibit the activity of denitrifying bacteria and promote nitrification, but the effect on CH4 emission was not significant. |
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