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| Particulate matter and microbial community changes in multi-layered caged broiler house in summer |
| Received:May 03, 2025 |
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| KeyWord:broiler house;summer;particulate matter;bacteria, fungi |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | PU Junhua | Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou 225125, China | | | LI Shangmin | Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou 225125, China | 372317312@qq.com | | ZHAO Huaxuan | Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou 225125, China | | | WANG Hongzhi | Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou 225125, China | | | SHI Shourong | Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou 225125, China | | | TONG Haibing | Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou 225125, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution characteristics of particulate matter（PM）and microbial community in multi-layer caged broiler house in summer, and to provide basis for optimizing the environmental management of the broiler house in summer. The concentrations of particulate matter（TSP, PM10, PM2.5 and PM1）in 7 rows of 4 layers of caged large broiler house at 1, 21 and 49 days of age were collected and measured. At the same time, TSP samples were collected to extract total microbial DNA. The V3-V4 region of bacterial 16S rDNA and the ITS2 region of fungi were amplified by PCR and sequenced, respectively. The results showed that： with the increase of broilers age, the concentrations of TSP, PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 in the broiler house significantly increased（P<0.05）, and significantly increased along the front, middle and back regions（P<0.05）, while the proportions of PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 in TSP decreased along the front, middle and back regions. The Chao1 index of bacteria in TSP increased significantly with the growth of broilers, while the Chao1 index of fungi decreased significantly. The main phyla of bacteria were Bacillota, Pseudomonadota, Bacteroidota, and Actinomycetota. The highest relative abundance of bacteria was Pseudomonas（50.71%）at day 1. At day 21 and day 49, the relative abundance of Bacillota was the highest（80.42% and 87.45%）. Ligilactobacillus, Faecalibacterium and Lactobacillus increased significantly at the end of the feeding period（P<0.05）, while some potential pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia-Shigella decreased. Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the two main dominant phyla of fungi and Ascomycota was the preponderant phylum of fungi through the breeding process. Aspergillus, Cladosporium and Diutina were the dominate genera of fungi at different stages of broiler breeding, respectively. In conclusion, the concentration of PM in the multi-layer caged broiler house increased significantly with the broiler growing in summer, and the concentrations of PM in the middle and the back of the house were significantly higher than that in the front. With the increase of the age of broilers, the Alpha diversity of bacteria in the air of broilers house increased significantly while the Alpha diversity of fungi decreased significantly. Ligilactobacillus, Lactobacillus and Faecalibacterium were the dominant bacterial genera in the middle and the late stages of broiler rearing, while Aspergillus, Cladocorium and Candida were the dominant fungal genera. |
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