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| Effects of combined application of MnSO4 and passivation materials on the remediation performance of cadmium-contaminated rice fields |
| Received:March 11, 2025 Revised:April 03, 2025 |
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| KeyWord:MnSO4;passivation materials;combined application;cadmium;contamination;rice paddies |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | ZHANG Yanru | Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
Xiangtan Experimental Station of Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiangtan 400099, China | | | SUN Sijia | Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
Xiangtan Experimental Station of Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiangtan 400099, China
School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China | | | WANG Yajun | Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
Xiangtan Experimental Station of Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiangtan 400099, China | | | JIANG Yutao | Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
Xiangtan Experimental Station of Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiangtan 400099, China
School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China | | | LI Zhehan | Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
Xiangtan Experimental Station of Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiangtan 400099, China
School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China | | | BIAN Guangcong | Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
Xiangtan Experimental Station of Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiangtan 400099, China | | | LIU Guofei | Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
Xiangtan Experimental Station of Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiangtan 400099, China | gfliu@zju.edu.cn | | LIN Dasong | Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
Xiangtan Experimental Station of Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiangtan 400099, China | Lindasong608@126.com |
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| Abstract: |
| To investigate the passivation restoration effect of MnSO4 combined with different passivation materials on paddy fields contaminated by acidic Cd, an acidic Cd-contaminated paddy field was selected to test the effects of combined application of MnSO 4 and four passive materials（biochar, BC; humic acid, HA; red mud, RM; kaolin, KL）on soil physicochemical properties, root surface iron plaque, bioavailable Cd content, Cd morphological distribution in soil, and Cd contents in different parts of rice tissues（roots, stems and grains）. The results showed that the combined application of MnSO4 and passivation materials significantly reduced the bioavailability of Cd in Cd-contaminated paddy soil and inhibited the uptake of Cd by rice. The passivation ability increased with the increase of addition rate of materials. MnSO4 combined with passivating materials significantly reduced the bioavailable Cd content（33.33% to 51.22%）, and MnSO4+ biochar 3.0 t·hm-2（MnBC2）showed the best remediation performance at maturity stage. Moreover, the combined applications promoted the conversion of Cd from acid-soluble state to reducible state and residual state（the proportion of residual state increased by 0.47% to 22.27%）, and MnSO4+ red mud 3.0 t·hm-2（ MnRM2）did best at the maturity stage. Under the treatment of（0.075+3.0）t·hm-2, the content of Cd in rice grains was reduced by 32.14%~51.42% compared with CK, lower than the Chinese food safety limit（0.2 mg·kg-1）. MnRM2 and MnBC2 had the best abilities in decreasing the Cd content in rice grains. The combined application of MnSO4 with these passivation materials significantly reduced the bioavailability of Cd by regulating the physical and chemical properties of soil, promoting the formation of iron plaque on the rice root surface. This study showed that the MnBC2 and MnRM2 had the best performance in remediating Cd-contaminated paddy soils, and the passivation abilities of MnSO4+ kaolin 3.0 t·hmm-2 MnKL2）and MnSO4+ humic acid 3.0 t·hmm-2 MnHA2）needed to be further strengthened. Follow-up studies should focus on the long-term repair effect and material structure stability in the soil. |
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