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| Effects and evaluation of fertility improvement measures on the fertility of depleted red soil paddy fields |
| Received:December 27, 2024 |
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| KeyWord:organic fertilizer;impoverished red soil paddy fields;soil fertility;fertilization measures |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | AHEGULI·NUERBULATI | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
The National Agricultural Environment Observatory in Yueyang, Yueyang 414000, China | | | ZENG Xibai | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
The National Agricultural Environment Observatory in Yueyang, Yueyang 414000, China | | | WEN Jiong | The National Agricultural Environment Observatory in Yueyang, Yueyang 414000, China
Yueyang Agricultural Research Academy, Yueyang 414000, China | | | ZHANG Yang | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
The National Agricultural Environment Observatory in Yueyang, Yueyang 414000, China | | | XU Bingqian | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
The National Agricultural Environment Observatory in Yueyang, Yueyang 414000, China | | | ZHANG Miao | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
The National Agricultural Environment Observatory in Yueyang, Yueyang 414000, China | | | WANG Yanan | Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
The National Agricultural Environment Observatory in Yueyang, Yueyang 414000, China | wangyanan@caas.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| The study was conducted on infertile paddy fields developed from Quaternary red soil in Yueyang, Hunan Province, to investigate the effects of different fertilization treatments on soil fertility. The effectiveness of soil fertilization under different treatments was evaluated using the comprehensive fertility index（BIF）. Based on field experiments, treatments including no fertilization, organic fertilizer application, winter planting of Chinese milk vetch, and straw return were set up. Changes in soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, microbial abundance, and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen under different treatments were analyzed. The minimum data set（MDS） was established using principal component analysis, and the comprehensive soil fertility under different treatments was evaluated using the membership function model and the BIF calculation.Different fertilization measures all improve soil comprehensive fertility to varying degrees. Compared with the treatment of applying only chemical fertilizers（NPK）, the treatment of applying nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers combined with replacing 40% of nitrogen with pig manure（NPKM1）significantly increases soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen（AN）, available phosphorus（AP）, and microbial biomass carbon content by 92.1%, 17.1%, and 75.3%, respectively. The activities of soil urease, α-1, 4-glucosidase, and leucine aminopeptidase are also enhanced to some extent under this treatment. However, the activities of β-1, 4-glucosidase（βG）and β-1, 4-N-acetylglucosaminidase are significantly reduced. Under the treatment of applying nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers combined with replacing 40% of nitrogen with fermented rapeseed cake fertilizer and returning fermented straw to the field, the abundance of bacteria, fungi, and archaea is relatively higher. Based on the relevant results, MDS consisting of nine indicators, including soil soluble organic carbon, AN, ammonium nitrogen, AP, bulk density, βG, acid phosphatase, urease, and bacterial abundance, is constructed to evaluate the improvement of soil comprehensive fertility under different treatments. It is found that the NPKM1 treatment performs the best, with an index value of 0.743. The treatment of applying nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers combined with returning crushed early rice straw and planting Chinese milk vetch achieves the highest yield, reaching 4 707.52 kg·hm-2. For the barren red clay rice fields in the Dongting Lake area, applying pig manure to replace 40% of the nitrogen, based on the use of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers, achieves a synergistic increase in fertility and yield. The combined application of alfalfa and straw returning to the fields achieves the best yield increase effect. |
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