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| Assessing the environmental risk of chlorpyrifos in various regions of paddy fields based on the HYDRUS model |
| Received:January 10, 2025 |
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| KeyWord:chlorpyrifos;risk assessment;regional disparities;HYDRUS model;paddy fields |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | WANG Ye | Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
Technical Center for Soil, Agricultural and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China | | | XUE Nandong | Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
Technical Center for Soil, Agricultural and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China | xuenandong@tcare-mee.cn | | DU Siying | Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
Technical Center for Soil, Agricultural and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China | | | YU Shuntao | Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
Technical Center for Soil, Agricultural and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China | | | ZHAO Binrong | Technical Center for Soil, Agricultural and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| This study evaluated the environmental risk of chlorpyrifos in rice paddies in different regions in China based on the data of climate and soil characteristics, utilizing the HYDRUS-1D model with ArcGIS. The effects of rainfall, temperature, soil texture, soil organic matter content, and other factors on the migration of chlorpyrifos in soil were analyzed in different rice planting regions, and the risk quotient method（RQ）was used to describe the risk characteristics to explore the differences in the environmental risk of chlorpyrifos in soils from different planting regions. The results showed that the peak concentration of chlorpyrifos in the topsoil occurred rapidly（10-20 d post-application）. The peak concentration in the subsoil appeared later（after 60-120 d）, was much lower than that of the topsoil with notable soil-dependent variation. Regional environmental conditions substantially influenced chlorpyrifos behavior in soils. Infiltration in cold/dry regions was markedly lower than in warm/rainy areas, with peak concentration differences exceeding two orders of magnitude. The rainfall during the application period has a significant impact on the migration behavior of chlorpyrifos in topsoil. Soil properties such as soil texture and bulk density had a significant impact on the environmental risk of chlorpyrifos in soils. The regions with elevated environmental risks associated with chlorpyrifos are predominantly concentrated in the central and eastern regions of China with some groundwater risks present in the southern regions. The rice planting regions with high environmental risk of chlorpyrifos were concentrated in central and eastern regions of China, and there was a certain risk of chlorpyrifos contaminating groundwater in the southern regions with precipitation greater than 800 mm. The central and eastern regions in China are the priority control regions for chlorpyrifos in paddy fields. |
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