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| Source apportionment and spatial prediction of soil heavy metals in typical gold mining area of Shandong Province |
| Received:October 23, 2024 |
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| KeyWord:heavy metals in soil;source apportionment;spatial distribution;influencing factor;gold mining area |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | ZHAO Wei | College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China | | | ZHANG Lixia | Shandong Provincial Territorial Spatial Ecological Restoration Center, Jinan 250014, China | | | WANG Jining | Shandong Provincial Territorial Spatial Ecological Restoration Center, Jinan 250014, China | | | KONG Xiangyi | College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China | | | LÜ Jianshu | College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China | lvjianshu@126.com |
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| Abstract: |
| In order to investigate the sources of heavy metals in soil of gold mining areas and their spatial distribution patterns, this work focused on the gold mine-intensive areas of Laizhou and Zhaoyuan in Shandong Province to conduct systematic sampling of the surface soil and chemical analysis of heavy metals. With Positive Matrix Factorization（PMF）and Maximum Likelihood Principal Component Analysis-Multivariate Curve Resolution-Alternating Least Squares（MLPCA-MCR-ALS）, the sources of soil heavy metals were quantitatively determined, and the average source contribution of these two receptor models were calculated. Random Forest（RF）model was used to predict spatial patterns of soil heavy metals. As, Cr, Ni and Zn were mainly from natural sources, with the respective average source contributions of 64.29%, 72.31%, 79.86% and 48.41%, controlled by parent material. Cd and Cu were controlled by agricultural sources, the respective average source contributions were 76.95% and 60.48%. Simultaneously, agricultural sources also had 34.32% of contribution to Zn. Pb was controlled by traffic source, the average source contribution was 44.77%. The source of Hg was controlled by atmospheric deposition with the average source contribution of 80.18%, which related to gold smelting and coal burning. The high value areas of As were mainly distributed in the western part of the study area, which was consistent with the distribution of lagoon facies deposits and river alluvium. The high values of Cr, Ni and Zn were distributed in the middle and east of the study area, which was the same with the distribution of granite parent material. Cd, Cu, Hg and Pb were mainly distributed in the central part of the study area, which was located in an area of intensive industrial and agricultural activities. |
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