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| Effects of atmospheric deposition on Cu-Cd enrichment in soil-Broussonetia papyrifera around a smelter |
| Received:December 31, 2024 |
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| KeyWord:atmospheric deposition;Broussonetia papyrifera leaves;heavy metal pollution;soil;biological monitoring |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | CUI Hongbiao | School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China | | | WANG Xiaolong | School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China | | | ZHANG Wei | School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China | | | ZHOU Jun | Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 211135, China | | | ZHOU Jing | Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 211135, China | zhoujing@issas.ac.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| To understand the impact of atmospheric deposition on heavy metal enrichment in soil and Brassica campestris surrounding a copper smelter, we monitored the atmospheric deposition flux of copper（Cu）and cadmium（Cd）at eight locations around the smelter, and investigated whether the leaves of Brassica campestris can be served as bioindicators for atmospheric deposition of heavy metals. The results indicated that the deposition levels of Cu and Cd around the smelter ranged from 103.85 mg·m-2·a-1 to 1 450.60 mg·m-2·a-1 and from 3.32 mg·m-2·a-1 to 13.68 mg·m-2·a-1, respectively. Wind direction significantly influenced the atmospheric deposition flux of Cu and Cd, and the highest and lowest levels of Cu and Cd were found at JN（Jiuniugang, the smelter-dominated downwind）site and CJ （Changtang Zhoujia）site, respectively. Compared to the risk screening values of Cu and Cd in GB 15618—2018, the point exceedance rates of Cu and Cd in the soil surrounding the smelter were 87.5% and 100%, respectively. The total concentrations of Cu（636.48 mg·kg-1） and Cd（1.1 mg·kg-1）at the JN site were the highest which were 12.73 and 3.67 times higher than the risk screening values of Cu and Cd in GB 15618—2018, respectively. The Cu concentrations in the new and old leaves of Brassica campestris were 9.24-45.60 mg·kg-1 and 15.40-100.64 mg·kg-1, respectively, and 0.02-0.27 mg·kg-1 and 0.07-0.32 mg·kg-1 for Cd, respectively. Atmospheric deposition of Cu significantly affected soil total Cu and ion exchangeable Cu, but the correlation between soil total Cd and ion exchangeable Cd around smelter and atmospheric deposition Cd was not significant. The correlation between Cu and Cd concentrations in Brassica campestris leaves and atmospheric deposition Cu and Cd is more significant than that of soil ion exchangeable Cu and Cd. The results show that the absorption of Cu and Cd in the new and old leaves of Brassica campestris is mainly affected by atmospheric deposition of Cu and Cd, and the leaves of Brassica campestris have a certain biological indicator effect on the atmospheric deposition of heavy metal near smelters. |
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