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| Characteristics of microbial communities in yellow soil of diverse texture |
| Received:August 07, 2024 |
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| KeyWord:soil texture;microbial community;metagenome;clay soil;clay loam;loam |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | LI Qiongxiang | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | ZHU Jingwei | Guizhou Institute of Tobacco Science, Guiyang 550000, China | | | WANG Xinxiu | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | LI Zhihong | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | ZHANG Yungui | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | CHEN Xi | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | YANG Rong | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | LIU Qingli | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | liuqingli@caas.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| This study aims to investigate the characteristics of microbial communities in yellow soils of different textures in Pingba District, Guizhou Province. Metagenomic technology was employed to analyze the differences in microbial community diversity, composition, network interactions, and metabolic functions among clay（N）, clay loam（NR）, and loam（R）soils. The results showed that the Shannon, Simpson, and Invsimpson diversity indices were significantly higher in clay soil than in loam soil, with increases of 2.03%, 1.33%, and 2.74%, respectively. The S.chao1, S.ACE, and S.obs richness indices followed the pattern of clay > clay loam > loam. There were 4 883 common species across the different textures of yellow soil, with the highest number of unique species in clay soil, which were 3.63 times and 5.35 times those in clay loam and loam soils, respectively. The microbial community in yellow soil was mainly composed of bacteria （90.98%）, archaea（2.22%）, and eukaryotes（0.03%）. At the kingdom level, compared to clay loam and loam soils, the relative abundance of clay bacteria decreased, while the relative abundance of eukaryotes increased, and the difference in archaeal relative abundance was not significant. At the phylum level, the species structural compositions of yellow soils with different textures are the same, but their relative abundance show differences. As soil texture became more clayey, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Candidatus Rokubacteria decreased, while the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria increased. The relative abundance of Thaumarchaeota decreased, and that of Euryarchaeota increased. The relative abundance of Ascomycota decreased, and that of Mucoromycota increased. There were significant differences in the species assemblages that were significantly enriched in soils of different textures. The populations significantly enriched in clay were mainly from Acidobacteria. In loam, the populations significantly enriched were mainly from Proteobacteria, Nitrospirae, and Thaumarchaeota. In clay loam, the populations significantly enriched were mainly from Gemmatimonadetes. Network topology analysis showed that the number of network nodes and edges in loam soil increased by 17.24% and 4.69%, respectively, compared to clay soil. The proportion of negative connections in clay soil was 32.81%, which was 19.29% and 30.21% lower than that in clay loam and loam soils, respectively. However, clay soil had the highest microbial network density of 0.32, while the network densities of loam and clay loam soils were 12.50% and 25.00% lower, respectively, than that of clay soil. As soil clay content increased, the connectivity of the microbial co-occurrence network improved, but network stability decreased, with symbiotic relationships being dominant. Functional predictions showed that the overall abundance of soil metabolic pathway genes was loam > clay loam > clay, with microbial metabolic activity being lowest in clay soil and highest in loam soil. Genes for degrading hemicellulose, such as abfA, manA, manB, and xylA, were most abundant in clay soil, positively correlated with clay content, and negatively correlated with pH. In contrast, nitrogen-functional genes such as narH, narB, ureC, nrtC, and nrfA showed a distribution pattern of loam > clay loam > clay in soils of different textures, negatively correlated with clay content, and positively correlated with pH. Soil texture and pH were common factors influencing microbial community composition and functional gene expression. The results indicated that loam and clay soils exhibited the greatest differences in microbial community characteristics among the three soil textures. Soil texture and pH were key factors affecting microbial characteristics. |
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