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| Meta-analysis of stress response on biomarkers in earthworms and their influencing factors under cadmium stress |
| Received:June 24, 2024 |
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| KeyWord:cadmium stress;earthworm;stress response;biomarker;Meta-analysis |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | RAN Qinyao | College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China | | | SONG Lihong | College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
College of New Energy Materials and Chemistry, Leshan Normal University, Leshan 614000, China | lihong_song@qq.com | | HE Guandi | College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China | | | LI Chunyan | College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China | | | LIU Hongyan | College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China | | | LU Yanzhen | College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China | | | YANG Sanwei | College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China | swyang@gzu.edu.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| In order to systematically summarise the stress response of earthworms biomarkers to cadmium stress and their influencing factors, this paper was based on Meta-analysis and extracted 618 samples from 58 literatures in authoritative databases at home and abroad that met the screening criteria, to quantify the effect values of earthworm biomarker activities under cadmium stress, and to analyse the toxic effects of cadmium stress on earthworm biomarker activities. Analyses indicated that soil cadmium stress markedly improved the activities of acetylcholinesterase（AChE）, malondialdehyde（MDA）, metallothionein（MT）, and superoxide dismutase（SOD）in earthworms （P<0.01）, while inhibiting cellulase activity. The impact of cadmium stress on biomarkers in earthworms were regulated by multiple factors, including cadmium concentration, soil pH, organic matter content in soil, species of earthworms, body weight of earthworms, experimental method and exposure duration. Specifically：Cadmium concentration was significantly negatively correlated with the effect size of catalase（CAT）and cellulase（P<0.05）, and significantly positively linked to the effect size of MT（P<0.01）. There was a marked negative correlation between soil pH and the effect size of AChE, SOD and glutathione S-transferase（GST）（P<0.05）; Soil organic matter content was highly significantly and positively correlated with the effect size of SOD（P<0.01）; and negatively correlated with the effect size of CAT, peroxidase（POD）and MT（P<0.05）. With regard to earthworm species, Eisenia fetida has been identified as an ideal receptor for assessing soil cadmium toxicity due to its sensitivity. Increased body weight of earthworms promotes CAT, SOD and POD activities（P<0.05）. The complex response of several biomarkers to cadmium stress in earthworms were closely related to the experimental method and the duration of exposure. To sum up, the research made it clear that biomarkers like AChE, GST, MDA, MT, SOD, and cellulase significantly contribute to oxidative stress in environments polluted with soil cadmium, making them valuable indicators in evaluating soil cadmium contamination risks. Implementing these biological indicators for tracking soil cadmium pollution proves to be swift and effective, diminishing both expenses and intricacy. This approach not only establishes a robust theoretical groundwork to enhance the precision, responsiveness, and extensive use of biomarkers in environmental surveillance but also holds significant importance in precisely assessing the condition of environmental health. |
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