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| The current situation，emission reduction measures and future prospects of greenhouse gas emissions from farmland in major countries worldwide |
| Received:August 11, 2024 |
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| KeyWord:cropland ecosystems;carbon and nitrogen cycle;non-point source pollution;cropland management;microbial technology |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | OUYANG Wei | State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Advanced Interdisciplinary Institute of Environment and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Wastewater Information Analysis and Early Warning, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China | | | SHI Changqing | State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China | | | LU Ying | Satellite Application Center for Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100094, China | | | HAO Xin | State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China | | | WANG Lei | Advanced Interdisciplinary Institute of Environment and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Wastewater Information Analysis and Early Warning, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China | | | WANG Qian | Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China | wangqian@tcare-mee.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| Over the past 30 years, global agricultural greenhouse gas emissions have continuously increased, making reduction efforts in major agricultural countries like China critically important. This study analyzes the current status, influencing factors, and reduction measures of greenhouse gas emissions from farmland in major agricultural countries worldwide, based on statistical data and literature. The results indicate that methane（CH4）emissions from Chinese farmland amount to approximately 20.656 8 million tons, with rice cultivation accounting for 41.9%; nitrous oxide（N2O） emissions are 1.206 2 million tons, with fertilization contributing 43.6%. Influenced by temperature, water quantity, soil structure and crop varieties, CH4 is predominantly concentrated in the middle - lower reaches of the Yangtze River, accounting for around 38.4% of the national amount. Meanwhile, N2O is relatively high in the central region, taking up approximately 32.6% of the national quantity. Globally, India′s agricultural sector has the highest CH4 emissions（25.886 3 million tons）, and the carbon dioxide（CO2） emissions in China and Brazil are relatively significant. Implementing measures such as nitrogen management, using nitrification inhibitors, applying biochar, water-saving irrigation, and crop rotation can reduce greenhouse gas emissions to varying degrees. Based on this analysis, the paper proposes precise management strategies such as optimizing crop varieties and evaluating the entire production process, and recommends strengthening research on farmland environmental factors, exploring microbial mechanisms, and applying new technologies for carbon reduction in agriculture, providing theoretical references for achieving carbon reduction in farmland. |
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