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| Influencing mechanism of root exudates on laccase-induced 17β-estradiol polymerization transfer |
| Received:December 26, 2024 |
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| KeyWord:maize root exudates;fungal laccase;17β-estradiol;co-polymerization transfer;phytotoxicity |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | XIAO Shenghua | Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Nutrient Utilization
Key Laboratory of JiangHuai Arable Land Resources Protection and Eco-restoration, Ministry of Natural Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China | | | GUO Yujie | Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Nutrient Utilization
Key Laboratory of JiangHuai Arable Land Resources Protection and Eco-restoration, Ministry of Natural Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China | | | DAI Wei | Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Nutrient Utilization
Key Laboratory of JiangHuai Arable Land Resources Protection and Eco-restoration, Ministry of Natural Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China | | | SUN Kai | Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Nutrient Utilization
Key Laboratory of JiangHuai Arable Land Resources Protection and Eco-restoration, Ministry of Natural Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China | sunkai@ahau.edu.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| In this study, we explored the influencing mechanism of maize root exudates（M-REs）on Trametes versicolor laccase-induced E2 removal kinetics, product distribution, and phytotoxicity by the batch experiments. Results indicated that laccase had a high efficiency in removing E2, with an E2 removal rate exceeding 96% within 3 h, and the removal kinetic constant（k）was 1.08 h-1. High concentrations of M-REs（40-80 mg·L-1）effectively inhibited laccase-catalyzed E2 removal（k=0.82-0.96 h-1）, while low concentrations of M-REs（5- 20 mg·L-1）had a promoting effect on E2 removal（k=1.14-1.45 h-1）. The recognizable intermediate products in the laccase-induced E2 conversion contained not only E2 self-polymerization products（dimers, trimers, and tetramers）, but also a large number of E2 and M-REs co-polymerization products, such as the co-dimers of E2 with vanillic acid, ferulic acid, protocatechinic acid, glutamic acid, phenylalanine, aspartic acid, and alanine. As the laccase-induced polymerization time was extended to 5 d, E2 and the specified small metabolites in the M-REs generated highly complex co-precipitated polymers with multiple functional groups by C C, C O C, or C N C covalent binding. These E2 and M-REs co-polymers not only alleviated the toxic effect of E2 on maize seeds, but also stimulated the growth and development of maize roots. Therefore, laccase-induced polymerization transfer may provide a new strategy to purify and detoxify estrogens in the rhizosphere of crops. |
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