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| Characterization of heavy metal-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon co-contamination in agricultural soils surrounding mining areas and the response of soil microorganisms |
| Received:February 01, 2025 |
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| KeyWord:mining area;heavy metals;polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons;co-contamination;microbiology |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | PENG Guanwei | College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory for Environmental Ecological Health, Xiangtan 411105, China | | | YI Shengwei | College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory for Environmental Ecological Health, Xiangtan 411105, China | | | ZHANG Qiming | College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory for Environmental Ecological Health, Xiangtan 411105, China | | | LIU Jie | College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory for Environmental Ecological Health, Xiangtan 411105, China | | | GAN Jie | State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Monitoring for Heavy Metal Pollutants, Hunan Environmental Monitoring Center, Changsha 410027, China | | | HUANG Zhongting | Changsha Environmental Protection Vocational College, Changsha 410004, China | | | SHI Xuefang | Huayuan Ecological Environment Monitoring Center, Xiangxi 416400, China | | | WU Yujun | College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory for Environmental Ecological Health, Xiangtan 411105, China | | | LI Feng | College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory for Environmental Ecological Health, Xiangtan 411105, China | lifeng6220@xtu.edu.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| This study investigated the co-contamination characteristics of heavy metals（HMs）and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs）in the dryland and paddy soils surrounding certain manganese mining areas in Huayuan County, Hunan Province. The contents of HMs and PAHs in the soils of drylands and paddy fields were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）, respectively. The potential ecological risk assessment method and contamination factor （CF）approach were employed to evaluate the risk assessment about the co-contamination of HMs and PAHs in the dryland and paddy soils. Additionally, microbial community structure characteristics and resistance mechanisms in soils with different pollution degrees of HMs and PAHs were investigated through high-throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR analysis. The results indicate that the contents of cadmium（Cd）, arsenic（As）, and PAHs in dryland soils are 10.4, 1.43 folds, and 1.8 folds of the risk screening values for agricultural soil pollution, respectively. In paddy soils, the contents of Cd and PAHs are 3.9 folds and 1.1 folds of the risk screening values for agricultural soil pollution, respectively. Moreover, the bioavailability of Cd in dryland soils was significantly higher than that in paddy soils. Based on the comprehensive pollution index, both dryland and paddy soils at the sampling sites can be categorized into heavy, moderate, and light pollution zones, with the risk order of contamination factors being Cd>As>Pb>PAHs. Significant differences in microbial community structures were observed among soils with different pollution degrees of HMs and PAHs, where the dominant genera in heavily polluted, moderately polluted, and lightly polluted soils were Acidobacteria Gp6, Acidobacteria Gp4, and Bacillus, respectively. In dryland soils, the predominant genera included Acidobacteria and Sphingomonas, while Bacillus was the dominant genus in paddy soils. In dryland, Cd is the main influencing factor of the dominant bacterial community, while in paddy fields, PAHs take on this role. The pollution level is significantly positively correlated with the abundance of HMs tolerance genes and PAHs degradation genes in functional strains. The relative abundance of Sphingomonas is significantly positively related to the co-contamination levels of HMs and PAHs, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for combined contamination in the area. |
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