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| Analysis of nitrogen flow characteristics in different crop-livestock systems in the Erhai Lake basin based on the NUFER-village model |
| Received:April 19, 2024 |
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| KeyWord:crop-livestock system;NUFER-village model;Erhai Lake basin;nitrogen loss;fruit-livestock model |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | LI Zhigang | College of Soil and Water Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China | | | ZHENG Yi | College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650500, China
Yunnan Open University, Kunming 650032, China | | | LIANG Qibin | College of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China | | | WANG Yanxia | College of Soil and Water Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China | | | HOU Lei | College of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China | | | LI Xiaolin | College of Soil and Water Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650500, China | swfclxl@163.com | | HU Dan | China Urban Construction Design and Research Institute, Kunming 650051, China | | | WANG Jing | College of Soil and Water Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| To analyze the nitrogen flow characteristics of the crop-livestock systems in the Erhai Lake basin and clarify the differences in nitrogen loss among different types of crop-livestock systems. Villages in the Erhai Lake basin were divided into three major types based on the main types of rural industrial development：crop type, livestock type, and mixed type. Furthermore, based on the main types of crop, livestock, and different forms of combination of crop and livestock, they are further divided into 16 subcategories. Finally, the nutrient flow in food chain, environment and resources use（NUFER）model at the village level was used to quantify the nitrogen input characteristics, nitrogen utilization efficiency, and environmental loss characteristics of different crop-livestock systems in the Erhai Lake basin. The results indicate that：the nitrogen input per unit product in the Erhai Lake basin is highest in the livestock type（5.65-8.92 t）, and lowest in the mixed type（1.92-2.96 t）. Among them, the nitrogen input of the goat subcategory is the highest in the livestock type, while the fruit+ goat subcategory has the lowest input in the mixed type; The nitrogen use efficiency ranges from high to low in crop type（30.0%~48.8%）, mixed type（19.0%-30.8%）, and livestock type（5.5%-10.4%）. The highest nitrogen use efficiency subcategories corresponding to crop type, mixed type, and livestock type are maize, fruit+goat, and poultry, respectively; The environmental losses of nitrogen per unit product are highest in the livestock type（5.22-9.03 t）and lowest in the mixed type（0.66-1.27 t）. Among them, the livestock type has the highest nitrogen emission per unit product of the goat subcategory, while the fruit-livestock model during the mixed type has lower environmental losses（0.66-0.86 t）. And ammonia volatilization is the main form of environmental losses in all types of villages. There are many high nitrogen loss villages located in the western and northern areas of Erhai Lake basin, which were livestock villages. The nitrogen input of the crop-livestock system in the Erhai Lake basin is relatively high, and the nitrogen use efficiency is at a low level. And the environmental losses is high. In the future, combined with the characteristics of the plateau lake basin, fruit-livestock model can be further promoted to achieve efficient development of the regional crop-livestock system and environmental protection coordination. |
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