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| Optimized fertilization promoted soil organic carbon accumulation in wheat-maize rotation system in north China |
| Received:April 10, 2024 |
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| KeyWord:straw returning;optimized fertilization;wheat-maize rotation;soil organic carbon concentration;soil organic carbon mineralization |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | ZHANG Huiyu | Institute of Wheat Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Linfen 041000, China | | | TIAN Yuan | College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University(Institute of Crop Science), Taigu 030800, China | | | ZHANG Jing | Institute of Wheat Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Linfen 041000, China | | | ZHAO Wenxin | Arong Banner Agricultural Development Center, Hulunbuir 162750, China | | | ZHANG Dingyi | Institute of Wheat Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Linfen 041000, China | zdyi888@163.com |
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| Abstract: |
| To explore the effects of different fertilization methods on the soil organic carbon pool in wheat-maize system of north China, "wheat-maize" was taken as an integrated fertilization unit, and located experiments in field were carried out in October 2014 with two-factor split plot design in this study. Taking the phosphorus（P）and potassium（K）fertilizer distribution ratio（A）between wheat and maize （A1：all applied in wheat season; A2：wheat season∶maize season=2∶1）as the main plots, and the total nitrogen（N）application amount （B）（B1：450 kg·hm-2; B2：600 kg·hm-2）as the subplots, as well as no fertilization between wheat and maize season as the control（CK）, the effects of different fertilization methods on soil organic carbon pool under the condition of total straw return after 8 years in October 2022 were assessed. The results showed that：the concentration of soil organic carbon（SOC）, particulate organic carbon（POC）, labile organic carbon （LOC）, dissolved organic carbon （DOC） and microbial biomass carbon （MBC）, as well as SOC stock under four fertilization treatments were significantly higher than those under CK by 8%-55%, 75%-237%, 98%-214%, 42%-66%, 21%-50% and 3% -29%, respectively, except that the SOC and MBC under A1B2 were no significant difference from CK. Among four fertilization treatments, SOC and its active components concentration and SOC stock under A2B1 were significantly higher than those under A1B1 and A1B2, while LOC, DOC, MBC concentration and SOC stock were not significantly different between A2B1 and A2B2. Meanwhile, soil carbon pool management index（CPMI） under A2B1 was significantly highest. For SOC mineralization indicators, SOC cumulative mineralization（Cm）, potentially mineralizable carbon（Cp）and SOC mineralizability（Cp/SOC）were shown as：A1B1>A1B2>CK>A2B1> A2B2, where there was no significant between A2B1 and A2B2 for Cp/SOC, while the difference of Cm and Cp among all treatments was significant. Correlation analysis showed that the activity of β-1, 4 cellulosidase, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorusjia and available potassium were all the key factors to increase the concentration of SOC and its active components as well as CPMI, and cumulative carbon input could decrease Cp/SOC by increasing SOC concentration. In summary, under the conditions of this experiment, the distribution ratio of 2∶1 between wheat and maize seasons for P and K fertilizer, combined with the application rate of 450 kg · hm-2 N fertilizer, improved the SOC and its active component concentration, increased soil nutrient availability, reduced SOC mineralization, meanwhile, the higher cumulative carbon input declined Cp/SOC by increasing SOC concentration thereby improved SOC stock, which is conducive to maintaining the sustainable productivity of the wheat-maize rotation planting system. |
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