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| Review on development of phosphorus indices in the United States |
| Received:July 24, 2023 |
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| KeyWord:phosphorus index;non-point source pollution;phosphorus transport;evaluation system;loss risk |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | MA Hua | Key Laboratory of Non-point Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Changping Soil Quality National Observation and Research Station/State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | LEI Qiuliang | Key Laboratory of Non-point Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Changping Soil Quality National Observation and Research Station/State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | leiqiuliang@caas.cn | | DU Xinzhong | Key Laboratory of Non-point Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Changping Soil Quality National Observation and Research Station/State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | ZHAO Ying | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Yinchuan 750002, China | | | LI Ying | State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China | | | AN Miaoying | Key Laboratory of Non-point Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Changping Soil Quality National Observation and Research Station/State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | WU Shuxia | Key Laboratory of Non-point Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Changping Soil Quality National Observation and Research Station/State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | FAN Bingqian | Key Laboratory of Non-point Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Changping Soil Quality National Observation and Research Station/State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | LIU Hongbin | Key Laboratory of Non-point Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Changping Soil Quality National Observation and Research Station/State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| Phosphorus is a necessary nutrient for plant growth and plays a key role in agricultural production. With the increasing risk of phosphorus loss from soil to water, agricultural non-point source phosphorus pollution has become the main cause of water eutrophication. Determining how to identify and manage the key areas of agricultural non-point source phosphorus loss risk has become an urgent problem to be solved. The phosphorus index method is a tool used to assess the phosphorus loss potential of farmland and guide phosphorus management decisions. It has been applied in the United States since the 1990s. In its subsequent applications, states in the United States, as well as other countries and regions, established different index systems according to local characteristics and optimized their component factors, calculation methods, and grading standards. This review analyzes and comments on the constituent factors, calculation methods, and classification standards of all American states. It also discusses the direction of future improvements against the limitations of the phosphorus index method to provide a reference for phosphorus management in China. |
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