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| Dissolved methane concentration and diffusion emission characteristics of ponds in a typical agricultural catchment |
| Received:September 04, 2022 |
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| KeyWord:agriculture watershed;pond;CH4 concentration;CH4 flux;influencing factor |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | ZHANG Xinyue | Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters（CIC-FEMD）, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China | | | XIAO Qitao | Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China | qtxiao@niglas.ac.cn | | LIU Zhenjing | Hunan Climate Center, Changsha 410118, China | | | LIAO Yuanshan | College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi′an 710127, China | | | XIE Hui | Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China | | | QIU Yinguo | Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China | | | QI Tianci | Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China | | | XU Xianghua | Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters（CIC-FEMD）, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China | xuxianghua@nuist.edu.cn | | DUAN Hongtao | Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi′an 710127, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| This study investigated the dynamic variability of CH4 in four ponds draining distinct landscapes（sewage pond, irrigation pond, aquaculture pond, and natural pond）in the Tongyang River catchment, a typical agricultural catchment, based on field measurements over the period of 1 a. Results showed that these ponds were hot spots of atmospheric CH4 due to agricultural activities and domestic sewage discharge. For comparison, the estimated diffusive CH4 emissions in the aquaculture, sewage, and irrigation ponds were 6.0, 3.0 times, and 2.2 times higher, respectively, than natural ponds[（0.54±0.49）mmol·m-2·d-1] with less human activity. The CH4 varied temporally in the four ponds; however, factors influencing the CH4 variability varied between ponds. Generally, the temporal variability of CH4 was associated with water temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, and pollutant loadings（e. g., organic matter and nutrients）. Overall, the mean dissolved CH4 concentration in ponds of the agricultural catchment was（1.30±0.78）μmol·L-1, and the estimated diffusive CH4 emission was（1.64 ±1.50）mmol · m-2 · d-1, suggesting that the ponds were a significant source of atmospheric CH4. Notably, peak CH4 emissions occurred in aquaculture ponds, which should be further investigated in future research. |
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