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| Effects of subsoiling and straw return on soil respiration and soil organic carbon balance in black soil of northeast China |
| Received:December 17, 2019 |
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| KeyWord:black soil;subsoiling;straw returning;soil respiration;soil organic carbon balance |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | LIU Ping-qi | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | ZHANG Meng-xuan | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | WANG Li-gang | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | WANG Ying-chun | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | wangyingchun@caas.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| Measures of subsoiling combined with straw return to the field in black soil of Northeast China that have no clear influence on the characteristics of soil respiration and the uncertainty of organic soil carbon balance. Qinggang County, Suihua City, a typical black soil area in the northeast was studied. In-situ monitoring experiments in large areas of the field were conducted, researching the effects of different subsoiling depths (subsoiling 25 cm, subsoiling 35 cm)combined with different straw returning (stalk returned to the field, straw not returned to the field)on soil respiration (including root respiration)and soil organic carbon balance. Results demonstrated that soil respiration was characterized by "Rising first, then decreasing", and the respiration rate peaked from mid-July to early August. The contribution of soil cumulative respiration to total respiration varied during each growth period. Among them, spring maize soil respiration contributed the most to total respiration during jointing and silking, accounting for 35.3%~41.2% and 25.9%~31.9%, respectively. Compared with farmers' customary measure (without subsoil and straw return; FP), subsoiling combined with straw return to the field improved soil respiration rate and significantly increased soil respiration accumulation by 53.2%~108.0% (P<0.05). Organic carbon in the soil was insufficient for the needs of farmers using customary measure (without subsoil and straw return; FP)when the soil organic carbon balance was -647 kg C·hm-2. The soil organic carbon balance of the separate subsoiling measure (T1)was expressed as carbon expenditure, which is 102.3% higher than FP, and organic carbon losses were the largest. Separate straw returning measure (T2), subsoiling 25 cm+straw return measure (T3) and subsoiling 35 cm+straw return measure (T4)all effectively sequestered organic carbon, and the soil organic carbon balance was all positive, which increased by 448.5%, 477.7%, and 448.9% of the soil organic carbon income respectively compared with FP; subsoil and straw return to the field and two methods combined could increase corn yield by 13.8%~22.4% significantly (P<0.05), reaching a high yield level of 12 t·hm-2. Subsoiling combined with straw return can effectively increase soil activity and increase crop yield. It is a recommended field management technology for the improvement of black soil power and organic carbon storage in Northeast China. |
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