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| Nitrogen resource quantity of main grain crop straw in China and the potential of synthetic nitrogen substitution under straw returning |
| Received:July 05, 2019 |
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| KeyWord:rice;wheat;maize;straw returning;synthetic N substitution |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | CHAI Ru-shan | Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China | | | WANG Qing-yun | Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China | | | YE Xin-xin | Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China | | | JIANG Bo | Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Lujiang County of Anhui Province, Lujiang 231500, China | | | ZHAO Qiang | Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Lujiang County of Anhui Province, Lujiang 231500, China | | | WANG Qiang | Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China | | | ZHANG Li-gan | Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China | | | GAO Hong-jian | Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China | hjgao@ahau.edu.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| In this research, the nitrogen resource quantity of main grain crop straw and the potential of synthetic N substitution were estimated for different provinces and agricultural regions of China during the 2013-2017 period, based on the latest agricultural statistics and data published in the literature. The purpose of this research is to provide a scientific basis for synthetic N substitution and reduction under straw returning. Results indicated that the amounts of straw from rice, wheat, and maize in the main grain crop-planting areas of China were 230.06 million, 166.85 million, and 386.98 million tons per year, respectively. The amounts of straw N resources from rice, wheat, and maize were 2.09 million, 1.08 million, and 3.56 million tons per year, respectively; these were mainly distributed across north China, the middle and lower Yangtze River areas, and northeast China, and accounted for 31.6%, 25.4%, and 24.2% of the total national straw N resources, respectively. The straw N resources from rice and wheat were mainly distributed in the middle and lower Yangtze River areas(1.21 million tons) and north China (0.67 million tons), respectively. The maize straw N resource was mainly distributed in north China(1.42 million tons) and northeast China(1.33 million tons). In the main rice-cultivating provinces of China, the amounts of synthetic N substituted by rice straw incorporation per unit area of arable land were higher(34.6~46.5 kg·hm-2) in Jiangsu, Hubei, Zhejiang, Hunan, Liaoning, and Anhui. The amounts of synthetic N substituted by wheat straw incorporation per unit area of arable land were relatively higher(22.2~27.4 kg·hm-2) in Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu, and Xinjiang. The amounts of synthetic N substituted by maize straw incorporation per unit area of arable land were higher(54.3~70.7 kg·hm-2) in Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Heilongjiang, Shandong, Jiangsu, Xinjiang, Hunan, and Anhui. In terms of the total straw returned to the fields, the amounts of synthetic N substituted by straw from rice, wheat, and maize could reach 0.99 million, 0.54 million, and 1.92 million tons per year, equivalent to 33.6, 23.4, and 51.2 kg·hm-2 of per unit area of arable land, respectively. Therefore, straw N resources were plentiful in China during this period. Making full use of straw N resources from the main grain crops could provide an effective solution for the reduction of synthetic N in China's croplands. |
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