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| Characteristics of ammonia volatilization from rice paddy fields under different fertilization treatments in typical agricultural areas of Erhai basin |
| Received:December 24, 2018 |
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| KeyWord:Erhai basin;paddy fields;type of nitrogen fertilizer;ammonia volatilization rate;ammonia volatilization accumulation |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | WU Fan | Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
Dali Agro-Environmental Science Station, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dali 671004, China | | | ZHANG Ke-qiang | Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
Dali Agro-Environmental Science Station, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dali 671004, China | | | XIE Kun | Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
Dali Agro-Environmental Science Station, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dali 671004, China | | | WANG Feng | Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
Dali Agro-Environmental Science Station, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dali 671004, China | | | WANG Rui-qi | Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
Dali Agro-Environmental Science Station, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dali 671004, China | | | YIN Gao-fei | Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
Dali Agro-Environmental Science Station, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dali 671004, China | | | SHEN Shi-zhou | Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
Dali Agro-Environmental Science Station, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dali 671004, China | shenshizhou@126.com |
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| Abstract: |
| Ammonia (NH3) volatilization is one of the major ways of nitrogen loss in paddy field. To reduce NH3 volatilization and optimize fertilization scheme for paddy fields in the Erhai basin, effects of fertilizer types, nitrogen application rate and management strategies on NH3 volatilization and rice grain yield were investigated using closed-chamber intermittent ventilation method. Correlation between NH3 volatilization and soil characteristics were also evaluated. Results showed that, maximum NH3 volatilization occurred within 2~5 days after fertilization. Moreover, the NH3 volatilization loss accounted for 19.04%~33.00% at panicle growth stage, about 7.18%~15.72% at tillering stage, and about 4.89%~7.76% at basal stage. The NH3 volatilization accumulations of conventional fertilization (CF), 20% nitrogen reduction (T1), refined organic fertilizers (T2), organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer (T3), considering 25% mineralization rate of refined organic fertilizers (T4), considering 25% mineralization rate of refined organic fertilizers along with conventional fertilization, refined organic fertilizers + conventional fertilization (T5), and controlled release fertilizer (T6) were 42.52, 22.73, 11.71, 15.12, 38.24, 25.95 kg·hm-2, and 18.44 kg·hm-2, respectively. Under the same amount of nitrogen application, the proportion of NH3 volatilization loss of different fertilizer types was:conventional fertilization > controlled release fertilizer > refined organic fertilizers + conventional fertilization > refined organic fertilizers. Nitrogen application rate in different treatments were directly proportional to the accumulated amount of NH3. In addition, NH3 volatilization rate was positively related to NH4+-N concentration in the surface water. Considering the NH3 volatilization accumulation and rice yield, compared with conventional fertilization, the treatments T1, T5 and T6 are environmentally friendly fertilization methods. |
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