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| Study on resistance characteristics to heavy metal accumulation of Pinus bungeana Zucc. needles from different atmospheric environments |
| Received:March 10, 2017 |
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| KeyWord:Pinus bungeana Zucc.;heavy metals;needle age;resistance index |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | ZU Li-hong | College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China | | | WANG Xin | College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China | | | WANG Run-xi | College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China | | | WU Hong-rui | College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China | | | HUANG Ya-ping | College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China | | | SHI Fu-chen | College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China | fcshi@nankai.edu.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| The purpose of this study was to determine the contents of Cu, Mn, Zn, and Cd in current-year(C), 2-year old(C+1), and 3-year old(C+2) needles of Pinus bungeana Zucc. from urban, suburban, and rural areas. Analysis also concerned resistance indices including superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity and the malondialdehyde(MDA), soluble protein, soluble sugar, and free proline contents in needles. Results showed that the urban area had the highest accumulation of Cu, Mn, Zn, and Cd in needles of the same age from different sites. Accumulation of Cu, Mn, and Cd increased with age for needles from the rural area whereas that of Zn decreased with needle age for all three sites. Meanwhile, two-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) was used to evaluate the interactions between sampling site and plant species and showed that the sampling site played a greater role than needle age for Cu, Zn, and Cd, whereas for Mn, the effect of needle age was greater than that of the sampling site. MDA, soluble protein, soluble sugar, and free proline contents in the needles were elevated because of increasing heavy metal accumulation. SOD activity decreased with age and was the lowest in the rural area. Correlation analysis showed that the Cu, Mn, Zn, and Cd contents had a significant or extremely significant positive correlation with the soluble protein, soluble sugar, and free proline contents in the needles. In conclusion, the 3-year old needles of P. bungeana are considered suitable biomonitors for heavy metal pollution in the environment. The soluble protein, soluble sugar, and free proline contents in the needles seem to be good indications for the oxidative stress caused by heavy metals and may be involved in an adaptation mechanism to external stress. |
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