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| Source Apportionment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons（PAHs） in the Surface Sediments of Huangpu River（China） Using Factor Analysis with Nonnegative Constraints and Positive Matrix Factorization（PMF） |
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| KeyWord:source apportionment; factor analysis with nonnegative constraints（FA-NNC）; positive matrix factorization（PMF）; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | WANG Rui-qi | Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Resources and Environment Science，East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China | | LU Min | Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Resources and Environment Science，East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China | | YANG Yi | Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Resources and Environment Science，East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China | | LIU Min | Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Resources and Environment Science，East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China | | YU Ying-peng | Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Resources and Environment Science，East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China | | WANG Qing | Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Resources and Environment Science，East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
Department of Geography, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241003, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Understanding sources of environmental pollutants is critical to environmental management and pollutant control. In this study, 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） in 20 surface sediment samples from Huangpu River, China were quantitatively studied using GC/MS based on US EPA 8270C method. Factor analysis with nonnegative constraints（FA-NNC） and positive matrix factorization（PMF） were employed to identify the sources and their contributions of PAHs. The total PAHs concentrations ranged from 0.723 μg·g-1 to 38.541 μg·g-1, The PAHs with 3~4 rings were the main components of the PAHs. In some sediment samples, the total concentrations of PAHs exceeded the low risk value（ER-L or ISQV-L）, which may cause potential adverse effects on aquatic organisms in this area. Both FA-NNC and PMF obtained similar results on PAHs sources. Three main sources of the PAHs in the surface sediments of Huangpu River were identified as traffic emission, biomass/coal combustion and coking. Their contribution percentages were respectively 71.3%, 12% and 16.6% obtained from FA-NNC, and 57.6%, 32.1% and 10.3% from PMF. |
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