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| Effect of Long-term Fertilization on Heavy Metal Accumulation in Soils and Crops |
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| KeyWord:long-term fertilization; heavy metals; soil; maize; wheat |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | WANG Mei | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | LI Shu-tian | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | MA Yi-bing | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | HUANG Shao-min | Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China | | WANG Bo-ren | Hengyang Red Soil Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiyang 426182, China | | ZHU Ping | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling 136100, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Contents of Cu, Zn and Cd in soil and plant samples collected from over 20 year′s fertilization experiments in black soil, fluvo-aquic soil and red soil were analyzed. Results indicated that Cu, Zn and Cd contents in three soils were not affected by applying chemical fertilizers alone, but significantly increased by chemical fertilizers combined with manure（NPKM）, compared with the control without fertilizer application in black and red soil. In red soil the concentrations of Cu, Zn and Cd in grain and straw of wheat were significantly increased in the treatments of NPKM and 1.5NPKM compared with the NPK treatment, and Zn and Cd in maize grain and straw were also higher in the treatment of NPKM than NPK. In fluvo-aquic soil the NK treatment significantly increased the contents of Zn in wheat grain and straw. In black soil there was no difference in the content of Cd in maize grain among treatments, while NPKM or 1.5NPKM treatment resulted in significantly higher Zn contents in maize grain than NPK treatment. Estimation based on the data showed that the maximum bearing year for Cu, Zn and Cd was 67, 118 and 9 years in black soil, 1042, 2043 and 631 years in fluvo-aquic soil, 10, 46 and 0.5 years in red soil, respectively. Under current fertilization and cropping systems, therefore, application of manures would have great environmental risks for both soils and plants. It is necessary to establish a national standard for limiting metal concentrations in manures. |
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