| 聂江文,朱杰,蒋梦蝶,朱波,刘章勇,何浩.江汉平原长期稻虾种养对潮土N2O排放的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(8):2211-2220. |
| 江汉平原长期稻虾种养对潮土N2O排放的影响 |
| Effects of long-term rice-crayfish co-culture system on N2O emission in the fluvo-aquic soil in Jianghan Plain |
| 投稿时间：2025-02-06 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0108 |
| 中文关键词: 稻虾种养 N2O 土壤深度 水稻土 潮土 |
| 英文关键词: rice-crayfish farming system N2O soil depth paddy soil fluvo-aquic soil |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（32401972）；湖北省教育厅科研计划青年项目（Q20231310）；湖北省自然科学基金项目（2024AFA078）； 长江大学湿地生态与农业利用教育部工程研究中心开放基金项目（KF202309，KFK202404）；湖北省重点研发专项（2023BBB150） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 稻虾共作模式在推动稻田可持续发展和生态效益提升方面具有重要意义，但其对稻田土壤N2O排放的长期影响，尤其是不同土层深度的作用机制尚不明确。基于江汉平原的长期定位试验（8 a），采集稻虾共作（RC）与常规中稻单作（RM）模式下的表层（0~20 cm）与亚表层（20~40 cm）土壤样品，进行室内恒温恒湿培养（60%田间持水量，25 ℃，42 d），测定N2O排放通量及土壤碳、氮等化学性质。结果表明，RC 模式显著影响 N2O 排放，但受到土壤深度的调节。与 RM 相比，RC 显著降低表层土 N2O 排放（37%），但显著增加亚表层土N2O排放（149%，P<0.05）。此外，RC模式下N2O排放主要集中在21~40 d（49%~73%），而RM模式下N2O 排放主要集中在 4~21 d（66%~77%）。在土壤性质方面，与 RM 相比，RC 显著增加表层土 pH 及总碳（TC）、总氮（TN）、有机碳（SOC）、氨态氮（NH+4-N）、可溶性有机碳（DOC）的含量，但降低了全量碳氮比（TC/TN）及有效磷（AP）、硝态氮（NO-3-N）、可溶性有机氮（DON）的含量；在亚表层土，RC显著提高了pH、DOC/DON及AP、TC、TN、NH+4-N的含量，但降低了SOC、NO-3-N、DOC、DON的含量和电导率（EC）。皮尔森相关性分析和冗余分析显示，N2O排放与AP和C/N呈正相关，而与SOC、DON和EC呈负相关。研究表明，长期稻虾共作模式显著影响潮性水稻土的N2O排放，但其影响受到土层的调节。土壤AP、C/N、EC等土壤因子在N2O排放调控中起着重要作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The rice-crayfish co-culture（RC）system plays a crucial role in promoting the sustainable development of rice paddies and enhancing their ecological benefits. However, the long-term effects of this system on soil N2O emissions, particularly the mechanisms at different soil depths, are not yet well understood. This study, based on an 8-year field experiment in the Jianghan Plain, collected soil samples from the surface（0-20 cm）and subsurface（20-40 cm）layers under RC and conventional single rice monoculture（RM）systems. The samples were subjected to controlled incubation（60% field water holding capacity, 25 ℃, for 42 days）to measure N2O fluxes and soil carbon and nitrogen fractions. The results showed that the RC system significantly influenced N2O emissions, with soil depth playing a regulating role. Compared to RM, the RC system significantly reduced N2O emissions from the surface soil by 37%, while significantly increasing N2O emissions from the subsurface soil by 149%（P<0.05）. In addition, N2O emissions in the RC system were mainly concentrated in 21-40 d（49%-73%）, whereas in the RM system N2O emissions peaked in 4-21 d（66%-77%）. Regarding soil properties, compared to RM, the RC system significantly increased the pH, total carbon（TC）, total nitrogen（TN）, soil organic carbon（SOC）, ammonia nitrogen（NH+4-N）, and dissolved organic carbon（DOC）in the surface soil, while reducing available phosphorus（AP）, ratio of TC to TN （TC/TN）, nitrate nitrogen（NO-3-N）, and dissolved nitrogen（DON）. In the subsurface soil, the RC system significantly increased pH, AP, TC, TN, NH+4-N, and the DOC/DON ratio, but reduced SOC, NO-3-N, DOC, DON, and electrical conductivity（EC）. Pearson correlation and redundancy analyses revealed that N2O emissions were positively correlated with AP and C/N, and negatively correlated with SOC, DON, and EC. In conclusion, the long-term rice-crayfish co-culture system significantly affects N2O emissions in fluvo-aquic rice soils, with soil depth serving as a regulatory factor. Soil factors such as AP, TC/TN ratio, and EC are crucial in regulating N2O emissions. |
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