九曲河典型农业区域氮磷消纳和负荷空间特征

苏卫华; 王海翔; 陈浩; 严星; 夏永秋; 管瑞雪; 王慎强; 汪玉

文章摘要

苏卫华,王海翔,陈浩,严星,夏永秋,管瑞雪,王慎强,汪玉.九曲河典型农业区域氮磷消纳和负荷空间特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(8):2064-2074.

九曲河典型农业区域氮磷消纳和负荷空间特征

Spatial characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus retention and loading in typical agricultural areas of the Jiuqu River basin

投稿时间：2025-01-13

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0043

中文关键词: 面源污染氮磷消纳氮磷负荷空间分异九曲河

英文关键词: non-point source pollution nitrogen and phosphorus retention nitrogen and phosphorus load spatial differentiation Jiuqu River

基金项目:江苏省自然科学基金项目（BK20230049）；长江生态环境保护修复联合研究二期项目（2022-LHYJ-02-0502-05）

作者	单位	E-mail
苏卫华	土壤与农业可持续发展全国重点实验室, 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 211135 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
王海翔	土壤与农业可持续发展全国重点实验室, 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 211135
陈浩	土壤与农业可持续发展全国重点实验室, 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 211135
严星	土壤与农业可持续发展全国重点实验室, 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 211135
夏永秋	土壤与农业可持续发展全国重点实验室, 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 211135 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
管瑞雪	江苏省镇江市生态环境局, 江苏镇江 212050
王慎强	土壤与农业可持续发展全国重点实验室, 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 211135 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
汪玉	土壤与农业可持续发展全国重点实验室, 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 211135 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049	wangyu@issas.ac.cn

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中文摘要:

为探究九曲河典型农业区域氮磷消纳和负荷空间特征，本研究基于2022—2023年期间的系统采样与分析，结合“农田流失-沿程消纳-水体负荷”水质响应模型（NutriShed），全面探讨了流域内氮磷流失量、消纳量及负荷量的空间分布。结果表明：九曲河干流的总磷（TP）月均浓度在 0.02~0.12 mg·L^-1，总体维持在Ⅱ类水质（0.1 mg·L^-1），而支流磷平均浓度变化范围为 0.03~0.23mg·L^-1，波动较大，部分时段超Ⅲ类水质标准（0.2 mg·L^-1），春夏季污染尤为严重；干流与支流的总氮（TN）月均浓度超2.00 mg·L^-1，支流平均TN浓度高于干流20.4%，且以铵态氮为主要氮污染形态。冬春交替和夏季是氮污染高发期，其中农宴河、永胜河等支流为污染热点区域，空间分布表现为上游农业活动密集区和居民聚集区负荷量最高。NutriShed模型模拟结果进一步揭示，2022—2023年流域TN流失量为404 t，沿途消纳量为147 t，占总量的36.4%，负荷量为257 t；2022—2023年磷的总流失量为57.2 t，沿途消纳量为33.6 t，占58.7%，负荷量为23.6 t。模型分析表明，氮磷含量较高的农宴河等支流是精准治理的重点区域。基于研究结果，建议通过优化施肥管理、合理布局河道生态缓冲区以及精准治理高污染支流等措施，提升面源污染综合治理能力。

英文摘要:

In order to explore the spatial characteristics of nitrogen（N）and phosphorus（P）absorption and load in the typical agricultural area of Jiuqu River, this study, based on the systematic sampling and analysis during the period from 2022 to 2023, combined with the water quality response model（NutriShed）of "farmland loss-along-the-way absorption-water body load", comprehensively discussed the spatial distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus loss, absorption and load in the watershed. The results showed that the monthly average total phosphorus（TP）concentration in the main stream of the Jiuqu River ranged from 0.02 to 0.12 mg · L^-1, generally maintaining Class Ⅱ water quality standards（0.1 mg·L^-1）. In contrast, TP concentrations in tributaries fluctuated more widely, ranging from 0.03 to 0.23 mg·L^-1, with some periods exceeding Class Ⅲ standards（0.2 mg·L^-1）, especially during spring and summer when pollution was more severe. The monthly average total nitrogen（TN）concentrations in both the main stream and tributaries exceeded 2.00 mg · L^-1. The average TN concentration in tributaries was 20.4% higher than in the main stream, with ammonium nitrogen being the primary nitrogen pollution form. The transition from winter to spring and the summer season were identified as peak periods for nitrogen pollution, with tributaries such as the Nongyan River and Yongsheng River serving as pollution hotspots. Spatially, the highest N and P loads were observed in upstream areas with intensive agricultural activities and densely populated residential zones. Simulations using the NutriShed model further revealed that the annual TN loss in the basin amounted to 404 t, with 147 t attenuated along the way, accounting for 36.4%, and a remaining load of 257 t from 2022 to 2023. The total annual loss of P loss was 57.2 t, with 33.6 （t 58.7%）attenuated and a remaining load of 23.6 t from 2022 to 2023. The model analysis highlighted that tributaries with higher N and P concentrations, such as the Nongyan River, are priority areas for targeted remediation. Based on the study results, it is recommended to enhance comprehensive management of non-point source pollution through measures such as optimizing fertilizer application, rationally planning riparian ecological buffer zones, and implementing targeted remediation for highly polluted tributaries.

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