| 李若林,王世辰,靳鹏辉,张广斌,马静,祝贞科,闫志英,徐华.小麦秸秆集中还田配施腐秆剂对稻麦系统温室气体排放的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(6):1658-1666. |
| 小麦秸秆集中还田配施腐秆剂对稻麦系统温室气体排放的影响 |
| Effects of concentrated wheat straw return combined with decomposing agents on greenhouse gas emissions in a rice-wheat system |
| 投稿时间：2024-08-20 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0701 |
| 中文关键词: 稻麦轮作 秸秆还田 腐秆剂 温室气体 产量 |
| 英文关键词: rice-wheat rotation straw return decomposing agents greenhouse gas yield |
| 基金项目:江苏省科技厅科技创新专项资金项目（BE2022311）；宁波市科技局重大科技任务攻关项目（2022Z168）；国家重点研发计划项目课题（2022YFD2300301） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 李若林 | 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 210008
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | | 王世辰 | 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 210008
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | | 靳鹏辉 | 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 210008
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | | 张广斌 | 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 210008
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | | 马静 | 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 210008 | jma@issas.ac.cn | | 祝贞科 | 宁波大学植物病毒学研究所, 省部共建农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室, 浙江 宁波 315211 | | | 闫志英 | 中国科学院成都生物研究所, 成都 610041 | | | 徐华 | 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 210008 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 秸秆不合理还田显著促进稻田甲烷（CH4）排放，为减少CH4排放，本研究提出了一种新型稻季秸秆还田方式——秸秆集中还田并配施腐秆剂。试验设置秸秆常规均匀混施还田（CK）、秸秆集中2倍还田配施腐秆剂（S2）以及秸秆集中4倍还田配施腐秆剂（S4）3个处理，采用静态箱-气相色谱法监测了2022—2023年稻麦轮作系统CH4和N2O的排放通量，测定了土壤氧化还原电位（Eh）及土壤溶解性有机碳（DOC）、土壤铵态氮（NH4+-N）和硝态氮（NO3--N）含量。结果显示：CK处理周年CH4和N2O排放量分别为120.1 kg·hm-2和5.08 kg·hm-2（以N计）；与CK相比，S2和S4分别显著降低稻季41%和28%的CH4排放，但增加10%和26%的N2O排放；小麦季，各处理CH4均呈吸收状态，N2O排放无显著差异；S2和S4水稻季CH4的显著减排抵消了N2O增加的增温效应，使得周年的温室气体排放总量较CK处理分别显著降低25%和12%；各处理间作物产量（水稻为5.50~5.59 t·hm-2，小麦为3.18~3.24 t·hm-2）均无显著性差异，故S2和S4的全年温室气体排放强度显著低于CK。研究表明，稻季秸秆集中还田配施腐秆剂可在不减少稻麦产量的同时显著降低温室气体排放量。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Improper straw return significantly increases methane（CH4）emissions in rice paddies. To mitigate CH4 emissions, this study proposes a novel straw return method for the rice season：concentrated straw return combined with the application of decomposing agents. The experiment included three treatments：conventional evenly straw return（CK）, straw concentrated return at twice the amount with decomposing agents（S2）, and straw concentrated return at four times the amount with decomposing agents（S4）. Static chamber-gas chromatography was used to monitor CH4 and N2O fluxes in the rice-wheat rotation system（2022—2023）, alongside measurements of soilproperties, including oxidation-reduction potential （Eh）, dissolved organic carbon（DOC）, ammonium nitrogen（NH4+-N）, and nitrate nitrogen （NO3--N）. The results showed that the CK exhibited annual CH4 and N2O emissions of 120.1 kg·hm-2 and 5.08 kg·hm-2（ calculated by N）, respectively. Compared to CK, S2 and S4 significantly reduced CH4 emissions by 41% and 28% during the rice season, while increased N2O emissions by 10% and 26%, respectively. During the wheat season, all treatments exhibited CH4 uptake, and no significant differences were observed in N2O emissions. The significant reduction in CH4 emissions during the rice season in S2 and S4 offset the warming effect of the increased N2O emissions, resulting in a 25% and 12% significant reduction in total annual greenhouse gas emissions compared to CK, respectively. There were no significant differences in crop yields（rice：5.50-5.59 t·hm-2; wheat：3.18-3.24 t·hm-2）among the treatments, and as a result, the annual greenhouse gas emission intensity of S2 and S4 was significantly lower than that of CK. In conclusion, concentrated straw return combined with decomposing agents during the rice season can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions without decreasing rice and wheat yields. |
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