| 郭亚新,杨镜秀,韩昱放,王迪,曹殿云,孟军,陈温福,兰宇.生物炭与氮肥配施对水稻土理化性质及作物氮效率的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(6):1582-1589. |
| 生物炭与氮肥配施对水稻土理化性质及作物氮效率的影响 |
| Effects of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer combination on the physical and chemical properties of rice soil and crop nitrogen efficiency |
| 投稿时间：2024-06-27 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0545 |
| 中文关键词: 生物炭 水稻 土壤理化性质 产量构成 氮效率 |
| 英文关键词: biochar rice physical and chemical properties of soil composition of output nitrogen efficiency |
| 基金项目:沈阳市优秀中青年科技创新人才（RC230798）；辽宁百千万人才工程项目（Z20210310） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 郭亚新 | 沈阳农业大学农学院, 沈阳 110866
农业农村部生物炭与土壤改良重点实验室, 沈阳 110866 | | | 杨镜秀 | 沈阳农业大学农学院, 沈阳 110866
农业农村部生物炭与土壤改良重点实验室, 沈阳 110866 | | | 韩昱放 | 沈阳农业大学农学院, 沈阳 110866
农业农村部生物炭与土壤改良重点实验室, 沈阳 110866 | | | 王迪 | 沈阳农业大学农学院, 沈阳 110866
农业农村部生物炭与土壤改良重点实验室, 沈阳 110866 | | | 曹殿云 | 沈阳农业大学农学院, 沈阳 110866
农业农村部生物炭与土壤改良重点实验室, 沈阳 110866 | | | 孟军 | 沈阳农业大学农学院, 沈阳 110866
农业农村部生物炭与土壤改良重点实验室, 沈阳 110866 | | | 陈温福 | 沈阳农业大学农学院, 沈阳 110866
农业农村部生物炭与土壤改良重点实验室, 沈阳 110866 | | | 兰宇 | 沈阳农业大学农学院, 沈阳 110866
农业农村部生物炭与土壤改良重点实验室, 沈阳 110866 | lanyu312228@syau.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究生物炭与氮肥配施对水稻土理化性质和水稻氮素利用、水稻产量形成等的影响，以辽宁省典型水稻土为研究对象设置田间试验。试验共设4个处理，分别为不施氮肥（CK）、单施氮肥（N）、单施生物炭（BC）和氮肥与生物炭配施（N+BC）。于水稻收获后测产并采土样测定土壤理化性质。结果表明：添加玉米秸秆生物炭使土壤容重显著降低了0.04~0.07 g·cm-3，土壤pH值和养分含量均显著升高，其中土壤有机质和速效磷含量在生物炭与氮肥配施处理下提高效果最显著；相比于单施化肥，玉米秸秆生物炭与氮肥配施显著提高了水稻产量，经济产量、秸秆产量和生物产量分别提高了10.03%、8.70%和9.36%；在施氮肥的基础上添加生物炭显著提高了籽粒的含氮量和氮素积累量以及水稻的氮素收获指数，同时水稻氮肥利用率、偏生产力和土壤氮素依存率分别显著提高了2.09个百分点、5.47 kg·kg-1和2.44个百分点。研究表明，生物炭与氮肥配施有利于提高土壤肥力水平从而显著提高水稻氮素积累量和产量。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The aim of this study was to investigate the impacts of the combined application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer on the physicochemical properties of paddy soil, nitrogen utilization, and yield formation of rice. The typical paddy soil in Liaoning Province was selected as the research object to conduct a field experiment. There were four experimental treatments：No nitrogen fertilizer（CK）, nitrogen fertilizer alone（N）, biochar alone（BC）, and the combination of nitrogen and biochar（N+BC）. The rice yield was measured after harvest, and the soil was sampled to determine the physical and chemical properties of the soil. The addition of corn stover biochar significantly decreased soil bulk density by 0.04-0.07 g·cm-3 and significantly enhanced soil pH and nutrient content. Among them, the soil organic matter and available phosphorus content were most significantly improved under the treatment of the combination of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer. Compared with the sole application of chemical fertilizers, the combination of corn stover biochar and nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased rice yield, with economic yield, straw yield, and biological yield increasing by 10.03%, 8.70%, and 9.36%, respectively. The addition of biochar to nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the nitrogen content and accumulation in grains, as well as the nitrogen harvest index of rice. Simultaneously, the nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency, partial productivity, and soil nitrogen dependence rate of rice were significantly enhanced by 2.09 percentage points, 5.47 kg·kg-1, and 2.44 percentage points, respectively. The combination of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer is conducive to enhancing soil fertility levels, thereby significantly increasing nitrogen accumulation and yield of rice. |
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