| 司海丽,秦丽莉,陈丽佳,尚红莺,朱英,刘菊莲,李磊,纪立东.兽用四环素类抗生素在土壤-生菜系统中的残留特性及风险评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(6):1535-1544. |
| 兽用四环素类抗生素在土壤-生菜系统中的残留特性及风险评价 |
| Residual characteristics and risk assessment of tetracycline antibiotic in soil-lettuce system |
| 投稿时间：2024-06-11 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0491 |
| 中文关键词: 四环素类抗生素 土壤 生菜 残留特性 风险评价 |
| 英文关键词: tetracycline antibiotic soil lettuce residual properties risk assessment |
| 基金项目:宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目（2022BEG02004）；宁夏回族自治区农业科技自主创新专项（NKYJ-22-02）；宁夏农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范项目（NGSB-2021-11-07）；宁夏自然科学基金项目（2022AAC03450） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 兽用抗生素可通过畜禽粪便施入农田而被带到土壤中，为探究四环素类抗生素（TCs）对植物生长、土壤环境及人体健康的影响，本文通过生菜盆栽试验，在土壤中添加四环素（TC）和土霉素（OTC），分别设置0、10、50、250、1 250 mg·kg-1 5个污染水平，研究TCs在土壤、生菜中的残留特性，评价其对生菜生长和土壤微生物的影响，以及人体健康风险。结果表明，土壤中TCs降解率均达到92%以上，其中TC的降解率高于OTC。TCs在生菜地上部和地下部的残留量与土壤中TCs含量呈正相关关系，土壤TCs含量为50~1 250 mg·kg-1时生菜中TCs残留量表现为地下部>地上部。生物富集能力表现为OTC>TC，土壤TCs含量为50~1 250 mg·kg-1时，TCs在生菜中的转运系数为12.63%~33.77%。土壤中TCs含量≥250 mg·kg-1时生菜生长受到抑制，且叶片SPAD值与土壤中TCs含量呈负相关关系，土壤TCs对根系生长的整体表现为TC≤250 mg·kg-1和OTC 50 mg·kg-1时促进根系生长，TC 1 250mg·kg-1和OTC≥250 mg·kg-1时抑制生菜根系生长。人体健康风险商（HQ）的计算结果显示，TCs在土壤中含量<250 mg·kg-1时，生菜可食部位具有较低的健康风险（HQ<0.1），但儿童的风险值高于成人。土壤微生物数量随着土壤TCs含量的增加而降低。在长期大量使用畜禽粪肥的农田土壤中抗生素残留引起的生态风险应得到重视。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Veterinary antibiotics can be introduced into the soil through the application of livestock manure, which brings potential risks to plant growth, soil environment and human health. A pot experiment was carried out in greenhouse. Tetracycline（TC）and oxytetracycline（OTC）were added to the soil with 5 different pollution levels of 0, 10, 50, 250 mg·kg-1 and 1 250 mg·kg-1, respectively, to study the residue characteristics of tetracycline antibiotic（TCs）in soil and lettuce, its effects on lettuce growth, soil microorganisms and the assessment of human health risks. The results showed that the degradation rate of TCs in soil was over 92%, and the degradation rate of TC was higher than that of OTC. The residue of TCs in the upper and lower parts of lettuce field was positively correlated with the content of TCs in soil, and the residue of TCs in the lower part of lettuce field at the concentration of 50-1 250 mg·kg-1 in soil was lower than that in the upper part of lettuce field. The bioaccumulation ability is manifested as OTC>TC, and under soil TCs content of 50-1 250 mg·kg-1, the transport coefficient of lettuce to TCs is 12.63%-33.77%. The growth of lettuce was inhibited when the concentration of TCs in soil ≥250 mg·kg-1, and there was a negative correlation between the SPAD value of leaf and the concentration of TCs in soil, the effects of soil TCS on root growth were as follows：TC≤250 mg·kg-1, OTC 50 mg·kg-1 promoted root growth, TC 1 250 mg·kg-1, OTC≥250 mg·kg-1 inhibited root growth of lettuce. By calculating the human health risk value（HQ）of TCs, the health risk of the edible part of lettuce was lower（HQ<0.1） when the content of TCs in soil was less than 250 mg·kg-1, and the risk value of children was higher than that of adults. The amount of soil microorganism decreased with the increase of soil TCs concentration.The ecological risks caused by antibiotic residues in farmland soils that have been extensively used with livestock manure for a long time should be taken seriously. |
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