| 陆正利,周洪印,木丽远,泽尔拉都,王立娟,吴龙华,张乃明.云南马铃薯低镉铅累积品种的筛选与验证[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(6):1467-1476. |
| 云南马铃薯低镉铅累积品种的筛选与验证 |
| Screening and verification of potato varieties with low cadmium and lead accumulation in Yunnan |
| 投稿时间：2024-08-26 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0716 |
| 中文关键词: 马铃薯 镉 铅 复合污染 累积 筛选 |
| 英文关键词: potato cadmium lead combined pollution accumulation screening |
| 基金项目:NSFC-云南联合基金重点项目（U2002210）；云南省科技人才平台项目（202405AM340004） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 陆正利 | 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 昆明 650201
云南省土壤培肥与污染修复工程研究中心, 昆明 650201 | | | 周洪印 | 云南省土壤培肥与污染修复工程研究中心, 昆明 650201
云南农业大学植物保护学院, 昆明 650201 | | | 木丽远 | 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 昆明 650201
云南省土壤培肥与污染修复工程研究中心, 昆明 650201 | | | 泽尔拉都 | 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 昆明 650201
云南省土壤培肥与污染修复工程研究中心, 昆明 650201 | | | 王立娟 | 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 昆明 650201
云南省土壤培肥与污染修复工程研究中心, 昆明 650201 | | | 吴龙华 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 210008 | | | 张乃明 | 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 昆明 650201
云南省土壤培肥与污染修复工程研究中心, 昆明 650201 | zhangnaiming@sina.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究镉（Cd）、铅（Pb）复合污染土壤中不同马铃薯品种对Cd、Pb吸收累积的响应，以云南农业生产主栽的37个马铃薯品种为研究对象，采用田间试验研究不同马铃薯品种可食部Cd、Pb含量及富集系数（BCF）的差异，通过聚类分析筛选出马铃薯可食部低Cd、Pb累积品种，并对筛选出的低累积品种设置不同的Cd、Pb含量处理进行盆栽验证试验。田间试验表明：在Cd、Pb中度污染条件下，37个马铃薯品种可食部Cd、Pb含量差异显著，含量范围分别为0.025~0.460、0.019~0.760 mg·kg-1，依据国家规定的食品中污染物限量标准（Cd 0.1 mg·kg-1、Pb 0.2 mg·kg-1）判断，Cd、Pb超标率分别为59.46%、24.32%；各供试马铃薯可食部Cd、Pb的BCF范围分别为0.016~0.173、0.000 40~0.003 80之间，BCF均小于1，且BCFCd均明显大于BCFPb；通过聚类分析筛选出高Cd、Pb累积品种有小紫芋、合作88、青薯9号，中累积品种有尤10省、延11，低累积品种有大西洋国、尤11、费乌瑞它、延13、冀张薯12、云薯104、克35省、尤13国、尤15、延10、东317省、早大白、钻心乌、云薯105。盆栽试验表明：云薯104、云薯105及青薯9号的单薯质量、株高和茎粗均随Cd、Pb污染程度的增加呈下降趋势，可食部Cd、Pb含量呈上升趋势，BCF均小于0.2；青薯9号在Cd、Pb中度污染处理（T2、T3）下的可食部Cd、Pb含量均超过最大限量标准，云薯104在重度污染处理（T4）下的可食部Pb含量超过最大限量标准，云薯105在所有处理下的可食部Cd和Pb含量均未超过最大限量标准。研究表明，37个马铃薯品种均可在严格管控类耕地种植，其中大西洋国、云薯104等14个可食部Cd、Pb低累积优势品种可在Cd、Pb中轻度污染区推广种植。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the effects of different potato varieties on cadmium（Cd）and lead（Pb）absorption and accumulation in Cd and Pb contaminated soil. A field experiment was conducted to study the differences of Cd and Pb contents and enrichment factors（BCF）in the edible parts of different potato varieties with 37 potato varieties mainly cultivated in Yunnan agricultural production as the research objects. The varieties with low Cd and Pb accumulation in the edible parts of potato were screened out by cluster analysis. Different Cd and Pb content treatments were set up for the selected low-accumulation varieties for pot verification test. The field experiment showed that the contents of Cd and Pb in the edible parts of 37 potato varieties were significantly different under the condition of moderate pollution of Cd and Pb. The content ranges were 0.025~0.460 mg·kg-1 and 0.019~0.760 mg·kg-1, respectively. According to the national limit standards of contaminants in food, Cd（0.1 mg·kg-1）and Pb（0.2 mg·kg-1）, the exceedance rates of Cd and Pb were 59.46% and 24.32%, respectively. The BCF of Cd and Pb in the edible part of each test potato ranged from 0.016-0.173 and 0.000 40-0.003 80, respectively, with BCF less than 1, and BCFCd was significantly greater than BCFPb. The varieties with high accumulation of Cd and Pb were screened by cluster analysis：Xiaoziyu, Hezuo 88 and Qingshu 9. The medium accumulation varieties were You 10 and Yan 11. The low accumulation varieties were Atlantic, You 11, Feiwuruita, Yan 13, Jizhangshu 12, Yunshu 104, Ke 35, You 13, You 15, Yan 10, Dong 317, Zaodabai, Zuanxinwu and Yunshu 105. The pot experiment showed that the single potato weight, plant height and stem diameter of Yunshu 104, Yunshu 105 and Qingshu 9 decreased with the increase of Cd and Pb pollution. The content of Cd and Pb in the edible part showed an upward trend, and the BCF was less than 0.2. The content of Cd and Pb in the edible part of Qingshu 9 exceeded the maximum limit standard under the moderate pollution treatment of Cd and Pb（T2, T3）. The content of Pb in the edible part of Yunshu 104 exceeded the maximum limit standard under heavy pollution treatment（T4）. The content of Cd and Pb in the edible part of Yunshu 105 did not exceed the maximum limit standard under all treatments. Therefore, the study showed that 37 potato varieties could be planted in strictly controlled cultivated land to produce edible potatoes. Among them, 14 varieties with low accumulation of Cd and Pb in edible parts, such as Atlantic and Yunshu 104, can be popularized and planted in areas with moderate and mild pollution of Cd and Pb. |
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