| 王亮,刘家宝,刘齐庆,杨宝林,廖晓勇.碱性富硅改良剂与镉低积累品种协同调控镉污染稻田安全利用[J].农业环境科学学报,2026,45(4):923-931. |
| 碱性富硅改良剂与镉低积累品种协同调控镉污染稻田安全利用 |
| Synergistic effects of an alkaline silicon-rich ameliorant and a low-cadmium-accumulating rice cultivar on the safe utilization of cadmium-contaminated paddy soils |
| 投稿时间：2025-06-22 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0582 |
| 中文关键词: 镉 水稻 碱性富硅改良剂 低积累品种 稻田安全利用 |
| 英文关键词: cadmium rice alkaline silicon-rich amendment low-accumulation variety safe utilization of paddy fields |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42307039）；国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFD1700100） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本研究以广东省清远市当地镉较高累积型主栽品种美香占（MXZ）和镉低积累品种深优9516（SY9516）为试验品种，在中度镉污染土壤中[总镉（1.65±0.23）mg·kg-1]通过盆栽试验探究碱性富硅复配改良剂与镉低积累品种联用的协同效应与机理。结果表明：单一种植SY9516可使稻米镉含量较MXZ降低41.33%（MXZ 0.75 mg·kg-1，SY9516 0.44 mg·kg-1）；SY9516联用碱性富硅改良剂（AFS1）后，稻米镉含量降低至0.13 mg·kg-1，较单种SY9516再降69.29%，实现中度镉污染农田水稻达标生产。该技术成本优势显著，仅需6 540元·hm-2，同时可有效改善土壤环境，使土壤pH增加0.62个单位，有效硅增加40.75%，可交换态镉降低46.11%。结构方程模型解析了其调控土壤-水稻系统中镉迁移积累的关键路径：相较当地品种MXZ，镉低积累品种SY9516本身具有较高的根际土壤pH值（提升约0.25个单位），可抑制镉活化；碱性组分促进土壤镉形态由活性态向稳定态转化；富硅组分通过增加根际有效硅（有效阈值范围为400~650 mg·kg-1）降低镉根茎转运系数。研究表明，碱性富硅复配改良剂与镉低积累品种联用可在中度镉污染农田实现水稻达标生产，其协同机制主要归因于品种特性与改良剂对土壤pH提升、镉形态转化及硅介导的转运阻控的联合增效。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study selected the locally dominant cadmium（Cd）-higher-accumulating cultivar Meixiangzhan（MXZ） from Qingyuan City, Guangdong Province and a low-Cd-accumulating cultivar Shenyou 9516（SY9516） as the experimental varieties. Through pot experiments conducted in moderately Cd-contaminated soil[total Cd （1.65±0.23） mg·kg-1], we explored the synergistic effects and mechanisms of combining the alkaline and silicon-rich compound amendment with the Cd low-accumulating cultivar. The results showed that planting SY9516 alone could reduce grain Cd content by 41.33% compared to MXZ（MXZ 0.75 mg·kg-1, SY9516 0.44 mg·kg-1）. The combination of SY9516 with the alkaline and silicon-rich amendment（AFS1） further reduced grain Cd content to 0.13 mg·kg-1, representing a 69.29% reduction compared to sole SY9516 cultivation, thus enabling safe grain production in the moderately Cd-contaminated farmland. This technology offers significant cost advantages, requiring only 6 540 yuan·hm-2. It also effectively improved the soil environment, increasing soil pH by 0.62 units, increasing available silicon by 40.75%, and decreasing exchangeable Cd by 46.11%. Structural equation modeling identified key regulatory pathways for Cd translocation and accumulation in the soil-rice system：Compared to the local variety MXZ, the low-Cd-accumulating cultivar SY9516 inherently elevated rhizosphere soil pH（by approximately 0.25 units）, thereby inhibiting Cd activation; The alkaline components promote the transformation of soil Cd from labile to more stable forms; The silicon-rich components reduce the Cd root-to-stem translocation coefficient by increasing available silicon in the rhizosphere（effective threshold range：400-650 mg·kg-1）. The study indicates that the combined application of alkaline silicon-rich composite amendment and a low-Cd-accumulating cultivar enables the safe production of rice in moderately Cd-contaminated farmland, with the synergistic mechanism primarily attributed to the joint enhancement of soil pH elevation, Cd form transformation, and silicon-mediated transport inhibition, achieved through the variety traits and the amendment. |
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