| 李海鹏,彭锦星,黄治平,申锋,王强,刘芳.宁夏农村厕所粪污养分与土壤-作物系统耦合利用研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2026,45(4):869-882. |
| 宁夏农村厕所粪污养分与土壤-作物系统耦合利用研究 |
| Research on the utilization of nutrients from rural toilet feces with the soil-crop system in Ningxia |
| 投稿时间：2025-10-15 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0836 |
| 中文关键词: 农村厕所粪污 资源化潜力 土壤利用 作物养分需求 |
| 英文关键词: rural toilet feces resource utilization potential soil utilization crop nutrient requirements |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFD1701803）；中国农业科学院院级基本科研业务费（Y2025JC04） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 李海鹏 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
天津农学院工程技术学院, 天津 300392 | | | 彭锦星 | 天津农学院工程技术学院, 天津 300392 | | | 黄治平 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
农业农村部农村厕所与污水治理技术重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 申锋 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
农业农村部农村厕所与污水治理技术重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 王强 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
农业农村部农村厕所与污水治理技术重点实验室, 天津 300191 | wq319320@126.com | | 刘芳 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
农业农村部农村厕所与污水治理技术重点实验室, 天津 300191 | liufangaepi@163.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为精准评估宁夏自治区农村厕所粪污资源化潜力及其与区域作物养分需求的匹配关系，为区域养分循环优化、土地承载力调控提供科学依据，本文结合全区（2021—2025年）公开数据与典型区域实地采样数据，系统测算宁夏地区农村人粪污排泄量（氮、磷、钾）及作物粪肥养分需求量，并创新应用人当量法评估土地利用适配强度。结果显示：宁夏农村水厕粪污年产排量为941.05万~1 499.55 万 m3、旱厕固体粪污产排量为 36.51 万~60.14 万 t，可提供氮、磷、钾养分分别为 6 755.91~10 839.03、415.65~673.68、3 232.87~5 186.96 t；区域作物对粪肥氮和磷需求高达102 377.17 t和16 854.32 t，粪肥氮、磷、钾养分对化肥的可替代率仅为 4.95%~7.94%、1.03%~1.67% 和 12.11%~19.43%。土壤的氮和磷承载力（141.98~227.89人当量·hm-2·季-1和 375.71~408.55人当量·hm-2·季-1）显著超过土地利用适配量推荐值。为实现农业系统的可持续发展，可建立农村人粪污与畜禽粪便统筹管理体系，强化养分精准管理策略，更好地发挥其资源潜力。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to accurately evaluate the resource utilization potential of rural toilet feces in Ningxia Autonomous Region and its matching relationship with the regional crop nutrient demand, and to provide a scientific basis for regional nutrient cycle optimization and land carrying capacity regulation, this paper systematically measured the excretion of rural human manure（N, P, K）and the nutrient demand of crop manure in Ningxia based on the public statistics of the whole region（2021—2025）and the field sampling data of typical areas, and innovatively applied the human equivalent method to evaluate the land use adaptation intensity. The calculation results showed that the annual manure production and discharge of rural flushing toilets in Ningxia was 9 410 500-14 995 500 m3, and the solid manure production and discharge of dry toilets reached 365 100-601 400 t, which could provide 6 755.91-10 839.03, 415.65-673.68 t and 3 232.87-5 186.96 t of N, P and K nutrients, respectively. The demand for N and P of manure in regional crops was as high as 102 377.17 t and 16 854.32 t, and the substitution rates of N, P and K nutrients for chemical fertilizers were only 4.95%-7.94%, 1.03%-1.67% and 12.11% - 19.43%. The N and P bearing capacity of soil（141.98-227.89 person equivalents·hm-2·season-1 and 375.71-408.55 person equivalents·hm-2·season-1）significantly exceeded the recommended value of land use adaptation. The study revealed that the supply of human feces and urine in Ningxia was far from meeting the demand（especially N and P）. In order to achieving the sustainable development of agricultural system, it is feasible to establish an integrated management system for rural human waste and livestock manure, coupled with the implementation of precise nutrient management strategies to maximize their resource potential. |
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