| 高琳,黄婉怡,陈晓远,郭奕楠,陈蕾蕾,林昌华.粤北典型工矿业周边农田土壤镉、铅形态及其生物有效性[J].农业环境科学学报,2026,45(2):400-410. |
| 粤北典型工矿业周边农田土壤镉、铅形态及其生物有效性 |
| Speciation and bioavailability of Cd and Pb in the soil of farmland around typical mining and industrial areas in northern Guangdong |
| 投稿时间：2025-04-08 修订日期：2025-05-28 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0337 |
| 中文关键词: 镉 铅 赋存形态 生物有效性 空间分布 |
| 英文关键词: Cd Pb speciation bioavailability spatial distribution |
| 基金项目:国家科技基础性工作专项（2014FY110200A07）；韶关学院校级自然科学类科研项目（SZ2025KJ05，SZ2022KJ14，SY2023KJ07）；韶关学院引进（培养）人才科研项目；广东省大学生创新创业训练计划项目（S202410576049） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 高琳 | 韶关学院生物与农业学院, 广东 韶关 512005
广东省粤北水土资源高效利用工程技术研究中心, 广东 韶关 512005 | | | 黄婉怡 | 韶关学院生物与农业学院, 广东 韶关 512005
广东省粤北水土资源高效利用工程技术研究中心, 广东 韶关 512005 | | | 陈晓远 | 韶关学院生物与农业学院, 广东 韶关 512005
广东省粤北水土资源高效利用工程技术研究中心, 广东 韶关 512005 | | | 郭奕楠 | 韶关学院生物与农业学院, 广东 韶关 512005
广东省粤北水土资源高效利用工程技术研究中心, 广东 韶关 512005 | | | 陈蕾蕾 | 内蒙古环境监测总站赤峰分站, 内蒙古 赤峰 024000 | | | 林昌华 | 韶关学院生物与农业学院, 广东 韶关 512005
广东省粤北水土资源高效利用工程技术研究中心, 广东 韶关 512005 | Linch1976@163.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究工矿业周边农田土壤重金属镉（Cd）和铅（Pb）的含量及其生物有效性，本研究以粤北典型工矿业周边农田小区域为研究对象，分析表层土壤重金属Cd和Pb的总量及其赋存形态，研究其空间分布特征以及生物有效性。结果表明：研究区Cd和Pb元素的平均含量均超过广东省韶关市的土壤背景值，样点中Cd元素超过相应风险管制值的占比为25%，Pb元素均未超过相应的风险管制值。两种元素空间变异性均较大，呈明显富集倾向，但高值区和低值区分布差异明显，两种元素的污染来源不同。Cd元素的碳酸盐结合态占据绝对优势，Pb元素的铁锰氧化物结合态占据绝对优势，两元素残渣态所占比例均较小。Cd和Pb元素各赋存形态与总量间均呈现极显著的相关性（P<0.01）。Cd元素的风险编码指数（RAC值）空间分布表现为以极高风险水平为主，Pb元素的 RAC值空间分布表现为以轻微风险水平为主；两元素次生相与原生相比值（RSP值）均为高度污染，高度污染占比 100%。Cd的生物有效性较高，存在较高的重度污染风险和环境风险。样点Pb元素虽均未超过风险管制值，但其生物有效性对农田生态环境仍具有潜在威胁性。研究表明，对研究区Cd和Pb元素污染应采取相应的防控措施，在该区污染土壤治理与修复的过程中应注意碳酸盐结合态和铁锰氧化物结合态的释放与平衡。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the content and bioavailability of heavy metals cadmium（Cd）and lead（Pb）in the soil of farmland around industrial and mining areas, this study investigates heavy metals in a small agricultural area surrounding a typical industrial and mining site in northern Guangdong Province. It analyzes and tests the content and speciation of Cd and Pb in surface soil, examining their content, spatial distribution patterns, and bioavailability. The results indicate that：the average concentrations of Cd and Pb in the study area exceeded the soil background standards of Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province. Cd concentrations in 25% of the sampling points exceeded the corresponding risk control thresholds, whereas Pb levels in all samples remained below the regulatory limits. Both elements exhibited significant spatial variability and a clear enrichment tendency. However, the distribution of high and low value areas differed significantly, suggesting different pollution sources for the two elements. Carbonate-bound Cd dominated, while Fe-Mn oxide-bound Pb dominated, with residual fractions being minor for both. Highly significant correlations exist between the different chemical forms of Cd and Pb, and between each form and their respective total concentrations. The spatial distribution of the risk assessment code（RAC）values for Cd predominantly indicateed extreme pollution and above, while Pb mainly showed slight pollution. The risk screening point（RSP）values for both Cd and Pb indicated high pollution, accounting for 100%. Cd had high bioavailability, posing a significant risk of severe pollution and environmental harm. Although all Pb samplesdid not exceed risk control values, their bioavailability poses a potential threat to the agroecosystem. Corresponding prevention and control measures should be implemented for Cd and Pb pollution in this study area. During the treatment and remediation of polluted soil in this area, attention should be paid to the release and balance of carbonate-bound and ironmanganese oxide forms. |
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