施钼对镉污染土壤中冬小麦镉吸收及转运的影响

吴孟孟; 聂兆君; 许嘉阳; 刘亥扬; 张玉鹏; 赵鹏; 刘红恩

文章摘要

吴孟孟,聂兆君,许嘉阳,刘亥扬,张玉鹏,赵鹏,刘红恩.施钼对镉污染土壤中冬小麦镉吸收及转运的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2026,45(2):362-372.

施钼对镉污染土壤中冬小麦镉吸收及转运的影响

Effects of molybdenum application on cadmium uptake and transport by winter wheat in cadmium contaminated soil

投稿时间：2025-02-21 修订日期：2025-05-16

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0162

中文关键词: 镉冬小麦钼镉形态土壤酶活性

英文关键词: cadmium winter wheat molybdenum cadmium forms soil enzyme activity

基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2024YFD2301200）；河南省耕地保育产业技术体系项目（HARS-22-19-S）

作者	单位	E-mail
吴孟孟	河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450046
聂兆君	河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450046 河南省土壤污染防控与修复重点实验室, 郑州 450046 农业农村部黄淮海平原耕地质量保育重点实验室, 郑州 450046
许嘉阳	河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450046 河南省土壤污染防控与修复重点实验室, 郑州 450046	jiayangxu@henau.edu.cn
刘亥扬	河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450046 河南省土壤污染防控与修复重点实验室, 郑州 450046
张玉鹏	河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450046 河南省土壤污染防控与修复重点实验室, 郑州 450046
赵鹏	河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450046 河南省土壤污染防控与修复重点实验室, 郑州 450046 农业农村部黄淮海平原耕地质量保育重点实验室, 郑州 450046
刘红恩	河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450046 河南省土壤污染防控与修复重点实验室, 郑州 450046 农业农村部黄淮海平原耕地质量保育重点实验室, 郑州 450046	liuhongen7178@126.com

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中文摘要:

为探究不同施钼（Mo）量对镉（Cd）污染土壤中小麦Cd吸收及转运的影响，通过盆栽试验，选用百农307为试验材料，设置Cd₀Mo₀、Cd₁₀Mo₀、Cd₁₀Mo_0.15、Cd₁₀Mo_0.30、Cd₁₀Mo_0.45共5个处理，研究了不同施Mo量处理对Cd污染土壤上小麦产量、Cd含量、Mo含量，以及土壤有效态Cd、有效态Mo、不同Cd形态和土壤酶活性变化的影响。结果表明：土壤Cd污染使小麦产量降低了19.86%，不同施Mo量处理均增加了土壤有效态 Mo 含量，以及小麦根、茎叶、颖壳、籽粒中的 Mo 含量；不同施 Mo 量处理均增加了小麦产量，增幅为19.86%~48.53%。土壤Cd污染使土壤有效态Cd含量以及小麦根、茎叶、颖壳、籽粒中Cd含量大幅增加，相较于Cd₁₀Mo₀处理，不同施Mo量处理均能降低土壤有效态Cd的含量，其中Cd₁₀Mo_0.30处理效果最佳，土壤有效态Cd含量减少了10.39%。在土壤Cd形态方面，不同施Mo量处理在一定程度上促进土壤可交换态Cd转化为碳酸盐结合态Cd。Cd₁₀Mo_0.30处理降低小麦籽粒Cd含量的效果最佳，较Cd₁₀Mo₀处理降低了22.05%。Cd₁₀Mo_0.45处理抑制Cd由颖壳向籽粒的转运效果最佳，较Cd₁₀Mo₀处理降低了22.26%；Cd₁₀Mo_0.30处理降低小麦籽粒中Cd富集系数的效果最佳，较Cd₁₀Mo₀处理降低了22.97%。此外，施Mo还能增加土壤过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶、脲酶活性，其中Cd₁₀Mo_0.30处理增加效果最好，较Cd₁₀Mo₀处理分别增加了11.15%、17.00%、13.48%、27.70%。研究表明，施Mo通过改变土壤Cd形态，降低土壤有效态Cd含量，增加土壤酶活性，减少小麦籽粒对Cd的吸收和转运，进而降低小麦籽粒中Cd含量。

英文摘要:

To investigate the effects of different molybdenum（Mo）applications on cadmium（Cd）uptake and transport in wheat in Cd contaminated soil. This study conducted a pot experiment using Bainong 307 as the experimental material, and set up five treatments （Cd₀Mo₀, Cd₁₀Mo₀, Cd₁₀Mo_0.15, Cd₁₀Mo_0.30 and Cd₁₀Mo_0.45）to investigate the effects of different Mo application rates on wheat yield, Cd content, Mo content, soil available Cd, available Mo, different Cd forms, and soil enzyme activity in Cd polluted soil. The results showed that soil Cd pollution reduced wheat yield by 19.86%, and different Mo application treatments increased soil effective Mo content and Mo content in wheat roots, stems and leaves, glumes and grains; different Mo application treatments increased wheat yield by 19.86% to 48.53%. Soil Cd pollution increased the Cd content in the effective state of the soil as well as the Cd content in the roots, stems and leaves, glumes and grains of wheat. Compared with the Cd₁₀Mo₀ treatment, different Mo treatments were able to reduce the content of Cd in the effective state of the soil, and among them, the Cd₁₀Mo_0.30 treatment was the most effective, which reduced the content of Cd in the effective state of the soil by 10.39%. In terms of soil Cd form, different Mo application rates promoted the conversion of soil exchangeable Cd into carbonate-bound Cd to a certain extent. Cd₁₀Mo_0.30 treatment had the best effect in reducing the Cd content in wheat grain, which was 22.05% lower than that of Cd₁₀Mo₀ treatment. Cd₁₀Mo_0.45 treatment had the best effect in inhibiting Cd transport from glume to grain, which was 22.26% lower than that of Cd₁₀Mo₀ treatment, and the enrichment factor of Cd in wheat grain was the best effect in reducing Cd enrichment coefficient in wheat grain, which was 22.97% lower than that of Cd₁₀Mo₀ treatment. In addition, the application of Mo can also enhance the activities of soil catalase, alkaline phosphatase, sucrase and urease, and the Cd₁₀Mo_0.30 treatment had the best effect of increasing the activities, which increased by 11.15%, 17.00%, 13.48%, and 27.70% compared with that of the Cd₁₀Mo₀ treatment, respectively. In summary, Mo application reduces the Cd content in wheat grains by changing the soil Cd morphology, reducing the Cd content in the effective state of the soil, increasing the soil enzyme activity, and reducing the uptake and transport of Cd in wheat grains.

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