长江三角洲典型小型养殖塘N<sub>2</sub>O通量时空变化特征及其影响因素

何洋; 张弥; 石婕; 王娇; 谢燕红; 贾磊; 肖薇; 曹畅

文章摘要

何洋,张弥,石婕,王娇,谢燕红,贾磊,肖薇,曹畅.长江三角洲典型小型养殖塘N₂O通量时空变化特征及其影响因素[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(7):1930-1942.

长江三角洲典型小型养殖塘N₂O通量时空变化特征及其影响因素

Temporal and spatial variations of N₂O flux and their impactor factors in typical small aquaculture ponds in the Yangtze River Delta

投稿时间：2024-08-23

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0711

中文关键词: 养殖塘薄边界层法 N₂O通量时空变化特征影响因素

英文关键词: aquaculture pond bulk diffusion model N₂O flux temporal and spatial variation impact factor

基金项目:江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项资金（前沿基础）项目（BK20220020）；江苏省自然科学基金杰出青年基金项目（BK20220055）；江苏省“333人才”领军型人才团队项目（BRA2022023）

作者	单位	E-mail
何洋	南京信息工程大学大气环境中心, 南京 210044 南京信息工程大学生态与应用气象学院, 南京 210044
张弥	南京信息工程大学大气环境中心, 南京 210044 南京信息工程大学生态与应用气象学院, 南京 210044	zhangm.80@nuist.edu.cn
石婕	南京信息工程大学大气环境中心, 南京 210044 南京信息工程大学生态与应用气象学院, 南京 210044
王娇	山西省太原市气象局, 太原 030002
谢燕红	广西壮族自治区生态环境监测中心, 南宁 530028
贾磊	南京信息工程大学大气环境中心, 南京 210044 南京信息工程大学生态与应用气象学院, 南京 210044
肖薇	南京信息工程大学大气环境中心, 南京 210044 南京信息工程大学生态与应用气象学院, 南京 210044
曹畅	南京信息工程大学大气环境中心, 南京 210044 南京信息工程大学生态与应用气象学院, 南京 210044

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中文摘要:

本研究于2017年5月—2021年5月基于薄边界层法对长三角地区一处典型小型养殖塘水-气界面N₂O通量进行观测，并对其时空变化特征以及影响因素进行分析。结果表明：养殖塘水-气界面N₂O通量的日变化在4个季节均在午间或午后达到最高值，在四季的变化范围分别为11.20~117.28、30.96~150.30、3.77~22.77、4.73~21.74 μmol·m^-2·d^-1。养殖塘N₂O通量表现出夏季高、冬季低的季节变化，变化范围为-0.97～217.83 μmol·m^-2·d^-1，年平均N₂O通量为34.86 μmol·m^-2·d^-1。N₂O通量的日变化会受风速、气压、pH和氧化还原电位（ORP）的影响。在春季日变化的主控因子为气压，二者呈线性负相关；夏、秋和冬季日变化的主控因子为风速，二者呈线性正相关。N₂O通量的季节变化主要受水温、气温、气压、溶解氧（DO）、pH和ORP的影响，主控因子为水温，N₂O通量随水温呈指数增加，温度敏感性（Q₁₀）为2.36。饲料和鸡粪的投放以及排水措施均会显著提高N₂O的排放水平，其中投入鸡粪区域的N₂O通量约为饲料投放区域N₂O通量的1.5倍，排水期间排水塘N₂O通量约为未排水塘N₂O通量的4倍。

英文摘要:

In this study, N₂O fluxes at the water-air interface were observed by bulk diffusion model in typical small aquaculture ponds in the Yangtze River Delta from May 2017 to May 2021. The temporal and spatial variations of N₂O flux and their impact factors were determined. The results showed that N₂O flux had diurnal variations with maximum value in the noon or afternoon in the four seasons. The diurnal variation ranges of N₂O flux were 11.20~117.28, 30.96~150.30, 3.77~22.77, 4.73~21.74 μmol ·m^-2·d^-1 in the four seasons, respectively. The N₂O flux showed a seasonal variation. The value ranged from -0.97 to 217.83 μmol·m^-2·d^-1, which was high in summer and low in winter. The annual mean N₂O flux was 34.86 μmol·m^-2·d^-1. The diurnal variations of N₂O flux were affected by wind speed, air pressure, pH and oxidation-reduction potential（ORP）. The diurnal variation of N₂O flux in spring was mainly controlled by air pressure, which responded to air pressure change linearly. The diurnal variation of N₂O flux in summer, autumn and winter were mainly dominated by wind speed, which increased with wind speed change linearly. The seasonal variation of N₂O emission flux was affected by water temperature（20 cm depth）, air temperature, air pressure, dissolved oxygen（DO）, pH and ORP. The main controlling factor was water temperature. The N₂O flux increased with water temperature exponentially. The temperature sensitivity（Q₁₀） was 2.36. Artificial management practices such as feeding, application of chicken manure, and drainage can make N₂O flux increase significantly. N₂O flux in the area where chicken manure was applied was approximately 1.5 times higher than that in feeding area. During the drainage period, N₂O flux from drained pond was about 4 times higher than that from undrained pond.

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