| 殷丽雯,莫迎平,耿天治,张娜,刘翠英,樊建凌.耐高温秸秆降解菌筛选鉴定及降解特性研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(7):1910-1919. |
| 耐高温秸秆降解菌筛选鉴定及降解特性研究 |
| Screening，identification and degradation characterization of high-temperature-tolerant straw-degrading bacteria |
| 投稿时间：2024-09-20 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0790 |
| 中文关键词: 耐高温 秸秆降解菌 菌种鉴定 降解特性 复合菌群 |
| 英文关键词: thermotolerant straw degrading bacteria identification degradation characteristic composite bacterial |
| 基金项目:江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项资金项目（BE2022302）；江苏省研究生实践创新计划项目（SJCX24_0487）；国家重点研发计划项目（2020YFA0607500） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本试验旨在筛选耐高温木质纤维素降解菌，构建具有高效降解木质纤维素能力的复合菌群，以提高秸秆堆肥化发酵效率。通过富集培养和刚果红染色/苯胺蓝褪色初筛得到11株木质纤维素降解菌，测定降解菌纤维素、半纤维素和木质素酶活性对降解菌进行复筛，菌株鉴定后构建复合菌群对其降解特性进行研究。结果表明：菌株K6的β-D葡萄糖苷酶活性最高（716 U·mL-1），K1的纤维素酶活性最高（393 U·mL-1），K4的半纤维素酶活性最高（439 U·mL-1）；菌株R3的木质素过氧化物酶活性最高（6.213 U·mL-1），R1的锰过氧化物酶活性最高（3.989 U·mL-1），K5的漆酶活性最高（2.593 U·mL-1）；综合透明圈试验，纤维素、半纤维素和木质素酶活性等试验结果，将筛选得到的6株降解菌R2、R3、R4、K2、K5、K6进行分子生物学鉴定，其中R2与巨大普里斯特氏菌（Priestia megaterium）亲缘关系近，R3与枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）亲缘关系近，R4与地衣芽孢杆菌（Bacillus licheniformis）亲缘关系近，K2与阿氏普里斯特氏菌（Priestia aryabhattai）亲缘关系近，K5与贝莱斯芽孢杆菌（Bacillus velezensis）亲缘关系近，K6与贝莱斯芽孢杆菌（Bacillus velezensis）亲缘关系近。利用单菌落组合构建了3个复合菌群，通过滤纸条崩解试验及秸秆降解率研究，发现复合菌群C（R4+K6）降解效果最好，滤纸条在第2天就开始崩解，在第5天已经崩解成纸絮；15 d后，复合菌群C对秸秆的降解率较未接种降解菌的对照高出23.69%。筛选得到的6株木质纤维素降解菌构建的复合菌群的降解效果整体优于单一菌株。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The objective of this study was to identify high-temperature lignocellulosic-degrading bacteria from a paddy soil, establish a consortium of bacteria with high efficiency in lignocellulosic degradation, and investigate its degradation effect on straw, in order to promote the comprehensive utilization of agricultural waste. We obtained 11 degrading strains through preliminary screening by incubating for enrichment culture and using Congo red staining and aniline blue fading reaction. The enzymatic activities of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were measured. The highest β-D glucosidase activity was found in K6（716 U·mL-1）, the highest cellulase activity was obtained in K1（393 U· mL-1）, and the highest hemicellulase activity was found in K4（439 U·mL-1）. The highest lignin peroxidase activity was found in strain R3（6.213 U·mL-1）, the highest manganese peroxidase activity found in R1（3.989 U·mL-1）, while the highest laccase activity was found in strain K5（2.593 U·mL-1）. Based on the results of the transparent circle test, enzymatic activities of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, six strains（R2, R3, R4, K2, K5 and K6）were selected for molecular identification. The results showed that R2 was closely related to Priestia megaterium, R3 was closely related to Bacillus subtilis, R4 was closely related to Bacillus licheniformis, K2 was closely related to Priestia aryabhattai, K5 and K6 were closely related to Bacillus velezensis. Three consortia were constructed by using single strains. We found that consortium C（R4 and K6）had the best degrading effect, with the filter paper strip beginning to disintegrate on day 2 and turning into paper floss by day 5. After 15 days, the straw degradation rate was 23.69% higher than that of the control. The results suggest that the degradation effect of consortia was better than that of single bacterial colony. |
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