| 肖恒斌,周金燕,郑勇,袁征,赵瑶瑶,罗越,胡荣桂,林杉.降雨对橘园集水区池塘水体氮负荷的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(7):1804-1812. |
| 降雨对橘园集水区池塘水体氮负荷的影响 |
| Effects of rainfall on nitrogen loads in ponds in citrus orchard catchments |
| 投稿时间：2024-07-25 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0633 |
| 中文关键词: 降雨 橘园 池塘 氮负荷 偏最小二乘法结构方程模型（PLS-SEM） |
| 英文关键词: rainfall citrus orchard ponds nitrogen loads Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling（PLS-SEM） |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFD1900902）；云南省科技人才与平台计划项目（202205AF150004） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 肖恒斌 | 华中农业大学资源与环境学院, 农业农村部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室, 武汉 430070 | | | 周金燕 | 华中农业大学资源与环境学院, 农业农村部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室, 武汉 430070 | | | 郑勇 | 中国电建集团昆明勘测设计研究院有限公司, 昆明 650051 | | | 袁征 | 华中农业大学资源与环境学院, 农业农村部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室, 武汉 430070 | | | 赵瑶瑶 | 华中农业大学资源与环境学院, 农业农村部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室, 武汉 430070 | | | 罗越 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 土壤与农业可持续发展全国重点实验室, 江苏常熟农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 南京 211135 | | | 胡荣桂 | 华中农业大学资源与环境学院, 农业农村部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室, 武汉 430070 | | | 林杉 | 华中农业大学资源与环境学院, 农业农村部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室, 武汉 430070 | linshan@mail.hzau.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为研究降雨对池塘水体N污染及其驱动机制的影响，本研究选取长江中游白鹤湾流域内8个以种植柑橘为主集水区的池塘为研究对象，监测6次降雨事件前后池塘水深和总氮（TN）、硝氮（NO3--N）、氨氮（NH4+-N）和颗粒态氮（PN）浓度的变化，并结合集水区面积、坡度和池塘水量变化分析池塘水体N负荷在降雨前后的变化特征及其响应过程。结果表明：降雨后池塘水体N浓度普遍上升，特别是PN，其中池塘O3的PN浓度在降雨后上升幅度最大（上升147%）。池塘水体N负荷随着降雨等级的上升逐渐增加，并且表现出显著差异。中雨、大雨、暴雨和大暴雨情况下，TN负荷均值分别为7.06、10.12、20.22 kg·hm-2和34.62 kg·hm-2。NO3--N是主要的N形式，大雨条件下在TN中占比最高，为71%。NH4+-N在TN中的占比随着降雨等级的增加从8%上升到19%。结构方程模型结果显示降雨量和坡度直接与池塘水体N负荷呈正相关，同时也可以通过改变池塘水量而使N负荷增加。集水区面积与池塘水体N负荷呈显著负相关，表明降雨事件期间较小的集水区流入池塘的N更多。研究表明，降雨后池塘N污染普遍高于降雨前，其中PN浓度在降雨后上升幅度最大。随着降雨等级的上升，池塘水体NH4+-N负荷在降雨后增加最明显。降雨量和坡度都对池塘水体N负荷有促进作用，而集水区面积对N负荷有负向的影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to study the effects of rainfall on N pollution of pond water and its driving mechanisms, this study selected 8 ponds located in citrus orchard catchments in the Baihewan watershed in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, were selected as the research objects. The changes in pond water depth, total nitrogen（TN）, nitrate nitrogen（NO3--N）, ammonia nitrogen（NH4+-N）, and particulate nitrogen （PN）concentrations before and after six rainfall events were monitored. Analyze the changes in nitrogen loads in ponds and their response to rainfall and catchment area, slope and changes in pond water volume. The results showed that N concentrations in ponds generally increased after rainfall, especially in PN, with the PN concentration of pond O3 showing the largest increase after rainfall（147%）. The N loads in ponds gradually increased with the increase of rainfall levels and showed significant differences. In the case of moderate rain, heavy rain, rainstorm and heavy rainstorm, the average TN load was 7.06, 10.12, 20.22 kg·hm-2, and 34.62 kg·hm-2, respectively. NO3--N was the main form of N, with the highest proportion（71%）in TN under heavy rain conditions. The proportion of NH4+-N in TN increased from 8% to 19% with increasing rainfall levels. The structural equation model showed that rainfall and slope showed a significant direct positive impact on N loads in ponds, and could also be increased by increasing pond water volume. The catchment area was significantly and negatively correlated with N loads, indicating that smaller catchments transported more N flux to ponds. The whole results showed that N pollution in ponds was generally higher after rainfall, with PN concentrations increasing the most after rainfall. As rainfall levels increased, ponds NH4+-N loads increased most significantly after rainfall. Both rainfall and slope contributed to ponds N loads, while catchment area had a negative effect on N loads. |
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