| 白雪燕,谷思玉,王紫颖,车延静,冯景翊,张伟健.风蚀区不同土地利用方式下土壤腐殖质分布及其光谱特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(7):1793-1803. |
| 风蚀区不同土地利用方式下土壤腐殖质分布及其光谱特征 |
| Distribution and spectral characteristics of soil humus under diverse land use patterns in the wind erosion region |
| 投稿时间：2024-06-24 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0532 |
| 中文关键词: 风蚀 土壤腐殖质 三维荧光光谱 红外光谱 |
| 英文关键词: wind erosion soil humus three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum infrared spectrum |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFD1500801）；科技基础资源调查专项（2021FY100404） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究风蚀区不同土地利用方式下土壤腐殖质分布及其光谱特征，以黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市重度风蚀区草地、林地和坡耕地农田土壤（自下而上每100 m分别划定下坡段、中坡段和上坡段）为对象，研究风蚀背景下表层（0~15 cm）土壤腐殖质含量、富里酸（FA）和胡敏酸（HA）荧光光谱特征及胡敏素（HM）红外光谱分异特征。结果表明：不同土地利用方式下土壤总腐殖质及各组分碳含量、腐殖化度（PQ）和胡富比（cHA/cFA）均表现为草地>林地>农田下坡段>农田中坡段>农田上坡段；三维荧光光谱显示，各类土壤FA与HA均主要出现4种荧光峰，分别为紫外光区类富里酸A峰、可见光区类富里酸C峰、类腐殖质D峰、类蛋白（类酪氨酸）B峰，且以A峰为主；FA受内外源共同作用，HA仅受外源输入影响，均呈现自生源贡献率少且腐殖化程度弱的特征；相比坡耕地农田，草地和林地自生源特征明显，土壤腐殖化程度强。红外光谱显示，草地、林地和农田土壤HM吸收峰和吸收带相似，官能团类型相同但含量不同，其中，草地和林地二取代苯类和顺式烯烃类物质含量较高，这有利于形成稳定的HM结构。研究表明，可通过增加植被覆盖度和合理规划土地利用等措施，以维持或提升土壤腐殖质含量，进而减缓风蚀对土壤有机质的负面影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The objective of this study was to examine the distribution and spectral characteristics of soil humus under diverse land use patterns in the wind erosion region. To this end, the humus content, fluorescence spectral characteristics of fulvic acid（FA）and huminic acid（HA）, and infrared spectral differentiation of humin（HM） were investigated in the surface layer（0-15 cm） of the soil. The investigation was conducted in a heavily wind-eroded area of Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, China, utilising the soils of grassland, woodland and sloping cropland（down-slope, middle-slope and upper-slope segments delineated at 100 m intervals from the bottom to the top, respectively）. The results demonstrated that the total humus and carbon content of each component, the degree of humification（PQ） and the Hu-Fu ratio（cHA/cFA）of the soil under diverse land use patterns exhibited the following behaviour：grassland>woodland>farmland downslope section>farmland mid-slope section>farmland upslope section. Three-dimensional fluorescence spectra demonstrated that four distinct fluorescence peaks were predominantly observed in all soil FA and HA types, namely, the A peak of fulvic acid in the ultraviolet region, the C peak of fulvic acid in the visible region, the D peak of humic-like substances, and the B peak of proteinoids（tyrosine-like substances）. The A peak exhibited the greatest intensity. FA was affected by both internal and external sources, and HA was only affected by exogenous inputs, both of which were characterised by low autochthonous contribution and weak humification. Compared with sloping cropland, grassland and woodland exhibited more pronounced autochthonous sources and stronger soil humification. The infrared spectra demonstrated that the HM absorption peaks and bands exhibited similarities in grassland, woodland, and farmland soils. These similarities were characterised by the presence of the same types of functional groups, although the contents differed. It is noteworthy that grassland and woodland soils exhibited elevated concentrations of disubstituted benzene and cisolefins, which promoted the formation of stable HM structures. In conclusion, measures such as increasing vegetation cover and rationally planning land use were employed to maintain or enhance soil humus content, thereby mitigating the negative impact of wind erosion on soil organic matter. |
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