| 蔡成,梁婷,周国朋,常单娜,马正波,高嵩涓,付利波,曹卫东.三种碱性材料修复云南旱地土壤镉污染的化学机制[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(7):1721-1731. |
| 三种碱性材料修复云南旱地土壤镉污染的化学机制 |
| Chemical mechanisms of three alkaline materials for remediation of cadmium pollution in dryland soils of Yunnan Province |
| 投稿时间：2024-09-02 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0733 |
| 中文关键词: 碱性材料 硅钙矿粉 云南旱地 可溶性有机质 镉污染修复 |
| 英文关键词: alkaline materials silicate-calcium powder Yunnan dryland dissolved organic matter cadmium pollution remediation |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFD1700200）；国家绿肥产业技术体系项目（CARS-22） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 蔡成 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室, 北京 100081 | | | 梁婷 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室, 北京 100081 | | | 周国朋 | 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 安徽省绿色磷肥智能制造与高效利用工程研究中心, 农田生态保育与养分资源高效利用安徽省重点实验室, 合肥 230036 | | | 常单娜 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室, 北京 100081 | | | 马正波 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室, 北京 100081 | | | 高嵩涓 | 南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 南京 210095 | | | 付利波 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所, 昆明 650205 | | | 曹卫东 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室, 北京 100081 | caoweidong@caas.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为筛选修复镉污染土壤的高效修复材料，以油麦菜为指示作物进行盆栽试验，设置添加熟石灰、钙镁磷肥、硅钙矿粉及不添加（对照）4个处理，研究了油麦菜镉吸收、土壤镉有效性、土壤可溶性有机质含量及其化学结构。结果表明：硅钙矿粉处理油麦菜地上部镉含量和镉转运系数最低，相比对照降幅达38.8%和30.4%。熟石灰、钙镁磷肥和硅钙矿粉3种材料处理的土壤有效镉含量相比对照分别降低11.2%、26.7%和17.9%，可交换态镉含量分别降低15.5%、14.9%和28.1%，残渣态镉含量分别提高21.0%、33.1%和24.2%；土壤pH值相比对照分别显著提高0.53、0.74个和0.36个单位。此外，3种材料处理土壤可溶性有机质含量、类胡敏酸组分、类富里酸组分高于对照，而类色氨酸物质组分显著低于对照。相关性分析和聚合增强树分析表明土壤pH与土壤可溶性有机质含量显著负相关，土壤可溶性有机质含量和类胡敏酸组分、类富里酸组分是影响油麦菜地上部镉含量最关键的3个因子。综上，供试材料是通过提高土壤pH值影响土壤可溶性有机质含量并改变其光谱特征，促进土壤活性镉向非活性镉形态转化、降低土壤镉有效性，从而降低油麦菜对镉的吸收转运。本试验条件下，3种碱性材料均对云南旱地土壤镉污染有明显的修复效果，其中硅钙矿粉的综合作用较为突出。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to choose the passivation materials to mitigate the pollution of Cd, a pot experiment with four treatments of blank control （CK）, application of hydrated lime（HL）, application of calcium-magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer（CMP）and application of silicatecalcium powder（SC）were conducted to investigate the effects of three alkaline passivation materials on the chemical structure of soil DOM, the availability of soil Cd and the Cd concentration of Lactuca sativa L. The results showed that the SC treatment had the lowest aboveground Cd concentration and Cd translocation factor, with decreases of 38.8% and 30.4%. Compared with CK, HL, CMP and SC treatments reduced the availability of soil Cd and the soil available Cd concentration reduced by 11.2%, 26.7% and 17.9%, exchangeable Cd by 15.5%, 14.9% and 28.1%, and residual Cd by 21.0%, 33.1% and 24.2%, respectively. Three passivation materials treatments increased soil pH significantly by 0.53, 0.74 and 0.36 units, respectively, compared to CK. Moreover, application of the three alkaline materials significantly increased soil DOM content, humin-like fractions and fulvic-like fractions, while the tryptophan-like substances significantly decreased compared to CK. Correlation analysis and aggregated boosted tree analysis showed that soil pH was significantly and negatively correlated with soil DOM content, soil DOM content, humin-like fractions and fulvic-like fractions were the three most critical factors affecting Cd concentration in the aboveground Cd concentration. In conclusion, the three alkaline materials may reduce the availability of soil Cd and inhibit the uptake and translocation of Cd in Lactuca sativa L. by increasing the soil pH and changing the content and spectral characteristics of the soil DOM, among which the combined effect of silica-calcium mineral powder is more prominent. |
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