微塑料-Cd胁迫对蔬菜发芽和幼苗的毒性效应

姚宇; 梁小莹; 徐乔; 王小治; 许美玲

文章摘要

姚宇,梁小莹,徐乔,王小治,许美玲.微塑料-Cd胁迫对蔬菜发芽和幼苗的毒性效应[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(5):1208-1216.

微塑料-Cd胁迫对蔬菜发芽和幼苗的毒性效应

Toxic effects of microplastics-cadmium stress on vegetable germination and seedlings

投稿时间：2024-05-20

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0424

中文关键词: 聚乙烯聚氯乙烯 Cd 复合作用蔬菜

英文关键词: polyethylene polyvinyl chloride cadmium combined effects vegetables

基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42207014）

作者	单位	E-mail
姚宇	扬州大学环境科学与工程学院, 江苏扬州 225127
梁小莹	暨南大学环境与气候研究院, 广州 511443
徐乔	扬州大学环境科学与工程学院, 江苏扬州 225127
王小治	扬州大学环境科学与工程学院, 江苏扬州 225127
许美玲	扬州大学环境科学与工程学院, 江苏扬州 225127	xuml@yzu.edu.cn

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中文摘要:

为探究微塑料与镉（Cd）单一及复合作用对蔬菜种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响，以日常典型蔬菜小白菜（Brassica chinensis L.）、萝卜（Raphanus sativus L.）和生菜（Lactuca sativa L.）为研究对象，研究不同浓度（1 000 mg·L^-1和2 000 mg·L^-1）聚乙烯（PE）、聚氯乙烯（PVC）微塑料与重金属Cd（2 mg·L^-1）对3种蔬菜发芽指标、形态指标和生长指标的影响。结果表明：微塑料和Cd单一及复合污染对3种蔬菜发芽没有显著影响，但不同处理均不同程度降低了蔬菜的根长、芽长和鲜质量。PVC与Cd复合处理对蔬菜幼苗的毒性大于PE与Cd复合处理，蔬菜对微塑料和Cd复合处理的敏感顺序为生菜>萝卜>小白菜。此外，PE微塑料抑制了生菜幼苗对Cd的吸收，且抑制作用大于PVC微塑料。研究表明，微塑料与Cd单一及复合污染的毒性作用与微塑料类型和蔬菜种类有关。

英文摘要:

To explore the single and combined effects of microplastics and cadmium（Cd）on vegetable germination and seedlings, three typical daily vegetables including Chinese cabbage（Brassica chinensis L.）, radish（Raphanus sativus L.）and lettuce（Lactuca sativa L.） were selected to study the impacts of polyethylene（PE）and polyvinyl chloride（PVC）microplastics at different concentrations（1 000 mg · L^-1, 2 000 mg · L^-1）with Cd（2 mg · L^-1）on germination, morphological and growth indexes of vegetables. The results showed that microplastics, Cd and their combination had no significant effects on vegetable germination, but different treatments reduced the root length, shoot length and fresh weight of vegetables to different degrees. The toxicity of PVC-Cd treatment to vegetable seedlings was greater than that of PE-Cd treatment, and the sensitivity of vegetables to microplastics and Cd was in the order of lettuce>radish>cabbage. Besides, the presence of PE microplastics inhibited the accumulation of Cd by lettuce seedlings, which was greater than PVC microplastics. The present study revealed that the toxic effects of microplastics and Cd were dependent on the types of microplastics and vegetables.

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