| 尚颖,王常荣,黄永春,张长波,刘仲齐.pH对水稻幼苗镉亚细胞分布和阳离子通道选择透性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(5):1169-1177. |
| pH对水稻幼苗镉亚细胞分布和阳离子通道选择透性的影响 |
| Effects of pH value on the subcellular distribution of cadmium and selective permeation of cation channels in rice seedling |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-26 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0360 |
| 中文关键词: 水稻 镉 pH 离子通道 富集系数 |
| 英文关键词: rice cadmium pH cation channels bioconcentration factor |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（U20A20108） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 185 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了探讨根际环境酸碱度对水稻镉吸收转运效率的影响，以水稻幼苗为材料，在pH 4.5~8.0的含0.3 mg·L-1镉的营养液中，对水稻镉转运特性和必需元素含量的变化进行分析。结果表明：pH对水稻根系生长发育以及镉和必需元素的富集能力有显著影响。当根际环境pH为5.5时，水稻根尖数和根系镉富集系数达到最大值。在pH 6.0~8.0的含镉营养液中，随着pH的升高，水稻幼苗根系和茎叶中的镉含量呈急剧下降趋势，根系原生质体镉含量的下降幅度显著大于细胞壁。适合根系吸收锰、钾、铁的最佳pH分别为5.5、6.0和6.5，吸收镁和钙的最佳pH为7.0，吸收锌的最佳pH为5.5~6.5。当营养液的pH值为5.0~5.5时，根系和茎叶中大量/微量元素离子通道对镉的容错率先后达到高峰。在pH>5.5的环境中，离子通道对镉的容错率随着pH的升高而急剧下降。茎叶中大量元素离子通道对镉的容错率显著小于根系。研究表明，在pH 5.5~7.0的环境中，提升pH能显著提高水稻细胞膜上离子通道对镉的识别和拦截能力，保障必需元素的优先转运，通过降低离子通道对镉的容错率来抑制对镉的吸收转运。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Rice seedlings were cultured in nutrient solution with 0.3 mg·L-1 Cd and different pH value（4.5-8.0）and the changes of Cd as well as essential elements in rice were analyzed to study the effect of rhizosphere pH on the uptake and transport efficiency of Cd in rice （Oryza sativa L.）. Experimental results showed that pH had significant effects on the growth and development of rice roots, the accumulation of Cd and essential elements. When the rhizosphere pH was 5.5, the root tips and Cd bioconcentration factor of rice roots reached the maximum. With the increase of pH in the range of 6.0-8.0, the Cd content in roots, stems and leaves of rice seedlings decreased sharply, and the decrease of Cd content in root protoplasts was significantly greater than that in cell walls. The optimum pH value for the uptake of Mn, K, Fe was 5.5, 6.0 and 6.5, for that of Mg and Ca was 7.0, and for that of Zn was 5.5-6.5, respectively. The fault tolerant rate of macro/micro-nutrient cation channels for Cd in roots and stems and leaves reached a peak successively in nutrient solution with pH 5.0-5.5. In the environment with pH>5.5, the fault tolerant rate of cation channels for Cd decreases sharply with the increase of pH. The fault tolerant rate of cation channels for Cd in stems and leaves was significantly lower than that in roots. These results indicate that increasing pH value in the range of 5.5-7.0 can raise the ability of cation channels in rice cell membrane to recognize and intercept Cd and ensure the preferential transport of essential elements, thus inhibit the uptake of Cd in plants by decreasing the fault tolerant rate of cation channels for Cd. |
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