| 郭羽彤,牛世欣,吕宏虹,唐景春.农田土壤中全氟化合物的迁移转化与污染控制技术研究进展[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(3):566-579. |
| 农田土壤中全氟化合物的迁移转化与污染控制技术研究进展 |
| Advances in migration，transformation，and pollution control technologies of perfluoroalkyl substances in farmland soils：a review |
| 投稿时间：2025-02-07 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2025-0107 |
| 中文关键词: 全氟化合物 农田土壤 迁移转化 修复技术 综述 |
| 英文关键词: PFCs farmland soil migration and transformation remediation technology review |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（42477524）；天津市杰出青年基金项目（23JCJQJC00120） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文综述了农田土壤中全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质（Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances，PFAS）的迁移转化以及固定化/稳定化、电化学氧化、植物/微生物修复、土壤淋洗等控制技术，并对这些技术方法的关键影响因素、优缺点以及未来发展方向进行了阐述和总结。然而，PFAS的复杂性及其具有的化学和热稳定性，以及各种修复技术对农田土壤结构、肥力和作物生长的影响使得PFAS在农田土壤中的修复具有挑战性。本文还指出了各种农田修复技术在降解全氟化合物过程中的局限性。固定化/稳定化技术能够通过吸附剂将PFAS固定，降低其迁移性，但固定化材料存在寿命限制，其长期稳定性仍需进一步研究。植物/微生物修复技术虽然环保，但反应周期相对较慢，需要更多研究探索其在长期修复中的潜力。电催化氧化技术在处理 PFAS 时表现出高效性，但面临高成本和高能耗问题，尤其在大规模应用时，电能消耗和操作成本可能成为限制因素。土壤淋洗法虽然能有效去除PFAS，但使用的有机溶剂可能残留在土壤中，对土壤肥力和生态环境造成潜在影响，因此在应用前必须对溶剂的生态毒性进行评估。新型PFAS修复技术的开发对于解决环境污染问题、提高材料性能、促进可持续发展以及推动环保技术进步等方面都具有重要的作用，本文最后提出，需将目光聚焦在机械破坏、电子束等新型修复技术的研究。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This article provides an overview of the migration and transformation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in farmland soils, as well as control technologies such as immobilization/stabilization, electrochemical oxidation, plant/microbial restoration, and soil leaching. The key influencing factors, advantages and disadvantages, and future development directions of these methods are also discussed and summarized. However, the complexity of PFAS, their chemical and thermal stability, and the impact of various technologies on soil structure, fertility, crop growth, and toxicity make the remediation of PFAS in farmland soils challenging. This article also points out the limitations of various remediation techniques in degrading perfluorinated compounds. The immobilization/stabilization technology can fix PFAS through adsorbents and reduce its mobility, but the immobilization material has a limited lifespan and long-term stability still needs further research. Although plant/microbial remediation technology is environmentally friendly, its response cycle is relatively slow, and more research is needed to explore its potential in long-term remediation. Electrocatalytic oxidation technology exhibits high efficiency in treating PFAS, but faces high costs and energy consumption issues, especially in large-scale applications where electricity consumption and operating costs may become limiting factors. Although soil leaching can effectively remove PFAS, the organic solvents used may remain in the soil, potentially affecting soil fertility and ecological environment. Therefore, the ecological toxicity of the solvents must be evaluated before application. As the development of new PFAS remediation technologies is crucial for addressing environmental pollution, enhancing material performance, promoting sustainable development, and advancing environmental protection technologies, the article suggests focusing on the research of innovative remediation technologies, such as mechanical destruction and electron beam techniques. |
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