| 顾佳,辛东帅,姜辞冬,苏海涛,翟宏.江苏某市规模化养殖场土壤重金属污染与生态健康风险评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(2):398-408. |
| 江苏某市规模化养殖场土壤重金属污染与生态健康风险评价 |
| Soil heavy metal pollution and ecological health risk assessment of large-scale farms in Jiangsu area |
| 投稿时间：2024-02-21 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0163 |
| 中文关键词: 规模化养殖场 土壤重金属 污染 生态健康 风险 |
| 英文关键词: large-scale farm soil heavy metals pollute ecological health risk |
| 基金项目:江苏省2016年度省级耕地污染防治专项（苏财建〔2017〕123号） |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 顾佳 | 江苏省土壤污染防治工程技术研究中心, 南京 210001
江苏省有色金属华东地质勘查局地球化学勘查与海洋地质调查研究院, 南京 210001 | | 辛东帅 | 江苏省土壤污染防治工程技术研究中心, 南京 210001
江苏省有色金属华东地质勘查局地球化学勘查与海洋地质调查研究院, 南京 210001 | | 姜辞冬 | 江苏省土壤污染防治工程技术研究中心, 南京 210001
江苏省有色金属华东地质勘查局地球化学勘查与海洋地质调查研究院, 南京 210001 | | 苏海涛 | 江苏省土壤污染防治工程技术研究中心, 南京 210001
江苏省有色金属华东地质勘查局地球化学勘查与海洋地质调查研究院, 南京 210001 | | 翟宏 | 江苏省土壤污染防治工程技术研究中心, 南京 210001
江苏省有色金属华东地质勘查局地球化学勘查与海洋地质调查研究院, 南京 210001 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为查明规模化养殖场土壤重金属污染与生态健康风险，在江苏省某市69家规模化养殖场采集299个表层土壤（0~20 cm）样品，分析测定了Cu、As、Cd、Cr、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn共8种重金属的含量，并利用污染指数、地累积指数、潜在生态风险指数和健康风险评价模型评价了土壤重金属污染程度、潜在生态风险和健康风险。结果表明：研究区表层土壤除Cr、Hg外，Ni、Cu、Cd、Pb、Zn、As的均值高于区域背景值，不同养殖类型和不同功能区土壤重金属含量有明显差异，其中生猪养殖场表层土壤Zn、Cu和Cd的均值最高，鸡养殖场表层土壤Cr、Pb和Ni的均值最高，粪污堆放区、畜禽活动区重金属含量高于饲料堆放区。污染指数评价结果显示，研究区土壤内梅罗污染指数为0.21~1.08，轻度污染占比0.33%，Zn为主要贡献因子，污染点位于粪污堆放区。地累积指数评价结果显示，部分养殖场内土壤已存在不同程度的重金属累积现象，其中 Zn、Cu、Cd、As 达到轻度至中度污染的点位分别占比为23.41%、13.38%、10.03%、9.36%。生态风险指数评价结果显示，研究区土壤综合生态风险指数范围为 55.14~277.71，生态风险处于低等至中等风险区间，其中26.42%的点位Cd存在中等风险，6.35%的点位Hg存在中等至高风险。健康风险评价结果显示，研究区土壤中重金属的累积尚未对人体构成非致癌健康风险，致癌风险也在可接受范围。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to identify the soil heavy metal pollution and ecological health risks of large-scale farms, 299 surface soil（0-20 cm） samples were collected from 69 large-scale farms in Jiangsu area. The contents of Cu, As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn were analyzed and determined. The pollution degree, potential ecological risk and health risk of heavy metals in soil were evaluated by pollution index, geoaccumulation index, potential ecological risk index and health risk assessment model. The results showed that the average values of Ni, Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn and As in the surface soil of the study area were higher than the regional background values. The contents of heavy metals in the soil of different breeding types and different regions were significantly different. The average values of Zn, Cu and Cd in the surface soil of pig farms were the highest, and the average values of Cr, Pb and Ni in the surface soil of chicken farms were the highest. The contents of heavy metals in the manure stacking area and livestock and poultry activity area were higher than those in the feed stacking area. The evaluation results of pollution index showed that the Nemerow pollution index of soil in the study area was 0.21-1.08, mild pollution accounted for 0.33%, Zn was the main contribution factor, and the pollution point was located in the manure stacking area.The results of the cumulative index evaluation showed that there were different degrees of heavy metal accumulation in the soil of some farms. Among them, Zn, Cu, Cd and As reached light to medium pollution points, accounting for 23.41%, 13.38%, 10.03% and 9.36%, respectively. The results of ecological risk index evaluation showed that the comprehensive ecological risk index of soil in the study area ranged from 55.14 to 277.71, and the ecological risk was in the low-medium risk range. Among them, 26.42% of the points had medium risk of Cd, and 6.35% of the points had medium-high risk of Hg. The results of health risk assessment showed that the accumulation of heavy metals in the soil of the study area did not pose a non-carcinogenic health risk to the human body, and the carcinogenic risk was also within an acceptable range. |
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