| 曹议丹,钱麟君,孙玉洁,杨力剑,司彤,邹晓霞.缓释肥分层减施对花生田温室气体排放特征的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(1):217-226. |
| 缓释肥分层减施对花生田温室气体排放特征的影响 |
| Effects of slow-release fertilizer reduction and layered application on the greenhouse gas emission characteristics of peanut fields |
| 投稿时间：2024-03-11 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0216 |
| 中文关键词: 花生 缓释肥 分层施肥 温室气体排放 增温潜势 |
| 英文关键词: peanut slow-release fertilizer layered fertilization greenhouse gas emission global warming potential |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目（CARS-13） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究缓释肥分层减施对花生田间温室气体排放的影响，本试验以农民常规施肥为对照（CK），选用复合肥（CF）和缓释肥（RF）开展分层减肥试验，设2个减肥梯度，分别较CK减氮10%和20%，共组合为CF10%、CF20%、RF10%、RF20%，采用静态箱-气相色谱法，监测花生生育期内N2O、CH4和CO2排放通量、核算全球增温潜势效应（GWP）。结果表明：各处理温室气体排放通量呈相似的波动变化，花生生育期内植株-土壤体系表现为 N2O 排放源、CH4和 CO2吸收汇；与 CK 相比，各分层减肥处理均显著降低N2O累积排放量（11.29%~27.06%），其中，RF10%较CF10%、RF20%较CF20%的N2O排放量分别显著降低13.30%、13.87%；各分层减肥处理CH4累积吸收量均显著高于CK，其中，RF10%和RF20%较之分别提升19.02%和16.87%，RF10%处理CH4累积吸收量亦显著高于 CF10%（11.28%）；RF10% 处理 CO2累积吸收量显著高于 CK（11.35%），但与 RF20% 差异不显著；肥料类型对 N2O 和 CH4平均排放速率分别产生显著和极显著影响，肥料用量仅对N2O平均排放速率影响显著；土壤温度与温室气体排放通量呈极显著的相关性，土壤湿度仅对 CH4排放通量影响显著。与 CK 相比，CF10%、CF20%、RF10%、RF20% 处理 GWP 分别显著降低 13.37%、18.48%、27.90%、32.09%。研究表明，分层减肥有利于降低花生田间温室气体排放，且以缓释肥分层减施10%和20%效果更佳，可在农业生产中推广应用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Exploring the effects of slow-release fertilizer reduction and layered application on greenhouse gas（GHG）emissions in peanut fields can promote green and low-carbon agricultural production. In this study, conventional fertilization was used as the control（CK）, and compound fertilizer（CF）and slow-release fertilizer（RF）were selected for layered fertilization, with 10% and 20% nitrogen reduction compared with CK. A total of four treatments were combined：CF10%, CF20%, RF10%, and RF20%. The emission fluxes of N2O, CH4, and CO2 during peanut growth period were monitored by static chamber-gas chromatograph techniques and the global warming potential effects （GWP）were calculated. The results showed that the emission fluxes of GHGs under each treatment showed similar fluctuations, and that the plant-soil systems constituted N2O emission sources and CO2 and CH4 absorption sinks during the growth period of the peanut. Compared with CK, the N2O emissions of each treatment were significantly reduced by 11.29%-27.06%, and the N2O emissions of RF10% compared with CF10% and RF20% compared with CF20% were reduced by 13.30% and 13.87%, respectively. The CH4 absorption of each layered fertilization treatment was significantly higher than that of CK, among which RF10% and RF20% were increased by 19.02% and 16.87%, respectively, and the CH4 absorption of the RF10% treatment was significantly higher than that of CF10%（11.28%）. The cumulative CO2 absorption of the RF10% treatment was significantly higher than that of CK（11.35%）, but no significant difference was found compared with RF20%. The fertilizer type had a significant and extremely significant effect on the average emission rate of N2O and CH4, respectively, while the fertilizer application amount only had a significant effect on the average N2O emission rate. Soil temperature had a good correlation with GHGs fluxes, whereas soil moisture had a significant effect only on the emission fluxes of CH 4. Compared with CK, the GWPs of CF10%, CF20%, RF10%, and RF20% treatments were significantly decreased by 13.37%, 18.48%, 27.90%, and 32.09%, respectively. In conclusion, layered fertilization is beneficial by reducing GHGs emissions in peanut fields, and with slow-release fertilizer, layered fertilization with 10% and 20% fertilizer reductions had better effects that are properly applicable in agricultural production. |
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