| 范庆锋,盛诗涵,杨春璐,陈重,安晶,邹洪涛.玉米秸秆还田形式对辽东低山丘陵区旱田土壤酸化的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2024,43(12):2984-2990. |
| 玉米秸秆还田形式对辽东低山丘陵区旱田土壤酸化的影响 |
| Effects of different straw returning methods on the soil acidification of dryland in low mountain and hilly areas of Liaodong |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-07 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0288 |
| 中文关键词: 土壤酸化 秸秆还田 交换性酸 酸害容量 |
| 英文关键词: soil acidification straw returning exchangeable acid acid damage capacity |
| 基金项目:辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目（2022JH2/101300175，2022JH2/101300173）；辽宁省揭榜挂帅科技攻关专项（2023JH1/10400017） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了明确玉米秸秆不同还田形式对土壤酸化的影响，本研究以辽东低山丘陵区玉米秸秆不同还田形式下的旱田土壤为研究对象，设置对照（CK）、玉米秸秆直接还田（ZH）、玉米秸秆过腹还田（GH）及玉米秸秆焚烧后草木灰还田（FH）4个处理，通过测定土壤pH值、交换性酸、盐基饱和度、酸害容量及酸害强度等指标，探究辽东低山丘陵区玉米秸秆不同还田形式对土壤酸化的影响。结果表明：FH处理显著提高了土壤的pH值和电导率，降低了土壤交换性酸和其中交换性铝的含量；ZH和GH处理显著降低了土壤交换性铝的含量及其在交换性酸中的比例；ZH和GH处理显著提高了土壤阳离子交换量（CEC），分别比CK处理增加了6.07%和11.28%，而FH处理和CK处理之间的CEC差异不显著。ZH、GH和FH处理的土壤盐基饱和度分别为69.65%、68.88%和69.76%，均高于CK处理的66.36%，但未达到5%差异显著水平。玉米秸秆不同还田形式处理均显著提升了土壤的酸害容量与酸害强度，土壤酸害容量由高至低依次为GH、ZH和FH处理，较CK处理增幅分别为15.97%、13.69%和12.70%，不同处理的土壤酸害强度由高至低依次为GH、ZH、FH和CK处理。研究表明，玉米秸秆不同还田形式处理都不同程度地增强了土壤的酸害容量与强度，提高了土壤对酸的缓冲能力。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to clarify the impact of different maize straw returning methods on soil acidity properties, this study takes dryland soil under different straw returning methods in the low mountain and hilly areas of Liaodong as the research object. Four treatments were set up, including control（CK）, direct straw return（ZH）, cow manure return（GH）, and plant ash return after straw incineration（FH）. By measuring soil pH, exchangeable acid, base saturation, acid damage capacity, and acid damage intensity, the effect of different straw returning methods on soil acidity in the low mountain and hilly areas of Liaodong was discussed. The results showed that FH treatment significantly increased soil pH and conductivity, and reduced soil exchangeable acid content and exchangeable aluminum content in exchangeable acids; ZH and GH treatments significantly reduced the content of exchangeable aluminum in soil and its proportion in exchangeable acids. ZH and GH treatments significantly increased soil cation exchange capacity（CEC） by 6.07% and 11.28%, respectively, compared to the CK treatment. However, there was no significant difference in CEC between the FH and CK treatments. The soil salinity saturation of ZH, GH, and FH treatments were 69.65%, 68.88%, and 69.76%, respectively, which were higher than 66.36% of the CK treatment, but did not reach a significant level of 5% difference. The different straw returning methods significantly increased the soil's acid damage capacity and soil's acid damage intensity. The soil acid damage capacity was ranked from high to low in GH, ZH, and FH treatments, with increases of 15.97%, 13.69%, and 12.70%, respectively. The soil acid damage intensity of different treatments showed GH>ZH>FH>CK. In this study, although the maize straw returning methods were different, they all enhanced the soil's acid damage capacity and intensity, and improved the soil's acid buffering capacity. |
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