| 郭雨婷,刘亚军,吴永明,段亦鹏,何石福,邓涛,李荣富.江西小流域范围稻田土壤真菌群落分布特征及其影响因素[J].农业环境科学学报,2024,43(12):2974-2983. |
| 江西小流域范围稻田土壤真菌群落分布特征及其影响因素 |
| Distribution characteristics and influencing factors of fungal communities in paddy soil within a small watershed in Jiangxi Province |
| 投稿时间：2024-01-12 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0048 |
| 中文关键词: 小流域 稻田土壤 理化性质 重金属 真菌群落 |
| 英文关键词: small watershed paddy soil physical and chemical property heavy metal fungal community |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42267029）；江西省自然科学基金项目（20232BAB213072）；江西省科学院省级科研项目经费包干制试点示范项目（2023YSBG22012，2023YSBG22009） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究江西小流域范围内稻田土壤真菌群落的分布特征及其影响因素，以江西省万年县典型区域稻田为研究对象，基于ITS高通量测序手段解析真菌群落特征，结合土壤营养元素和重金属等理化性质分析土壤环境因子对真菌群落结构的影响。结果表明：江西小流域范围内土壤理化性质接近，仅水解氮和重金属Cu、Hg、As变异系数较大，同时部分点位存在Cd和Cu富集情况。真菌群落组成具有一定的空间异质性，其中裴梅西作为古稻产区真菌群落表现出最高丰度的担子菌门（12.35%）和Talaromyces菌属（9.49%），而珠田北、上坊东区域真菌群落表现出更低丰度的子囊菌门（42.57%、49.77%）和更高丰度的被孢霉门（36.78%、23.51%）。土壤真菌群落的分布特征受地理距离的影响较小，主要受土壤理化性质（水分、pH、阳离子交换量、总磷、速效钾）和重金属元素（Cd、As）的影响。研究表明，江西小流域范围内稻田土壤的理化性质变异性较小，除了土壤营养状况，Cd、As等重金属元素也是影响稻田土壤真菌群落的关键环境因子，未来稻田耕作不仅要关注土壤肥力状况，还应关注周边矿山开采对农田生态系统的潜在影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The aim of this study was to explore the distribution characteristics and driving factors of fungal communities in paddy soil within a small watershed in Jiangxi Province, a typical rice field in Wannian County, Jiangxi Province, was used as the research object. The characteristics of fungal communities were analyzed based on high-throughput ITS sequencing, and the effects of soil environmental factors on fungal community structure were analyzed by combining soil nutrient elements and heavy metal physicochemical properties. The soil physical and chemical properties were similar throughout the small watershed area of Jiangxi Province, with only high coefficients of variation for available nitrogen and heavy metals Cu, Hg, and As. However, some regions had enrichment of Cd and Cu. The composition of fungal communities exhibited certain spatial heterogeneity. Among them, the fungal community in the ancient rice production area Peimei-West showed the highest abundance of Basidiomycota（12.35%）and Talaromyces（9.49%）, while the fungal communities in the ZhutianNorth and Shangfang-East regions showed lower abundances of Ascomycota（42.57% and 49.77%） and higher abundances of Mortierellomycota（36.78% and 23.51%）. The distribution characteristics of soil fungal communities were less affected by geographical distance and mainly influenced by soil physicochemical factors（soil moisture, pH, cation exchange capacity, total phosphorus, available potassium）and heavy metal elements（Cd, As）. The variability of physicochemical properties of paddy soil in small watersheds in Jiangxi Province was relatively small. In addition to soil nutritional status, heavy metal elements such as Cd and As were also key environmental factors affecting the fungal community in paddy soil. In the future, rice cultivation should not only focus on soil fertility but also pay attention to the potential impact of surrounding mining on the agricultural ecosystem. |
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