| 胡韬,唐彬.生物炭与含硫化合物联合施用对水稻镉累积和土壤微生物群落的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2024,43(12):2912-2922. |
| 生物炭与含硫化合物联合施用对水稻镉累积和土壤微生物群落的影响 |
| Effects of combining biochar and sulfur compounds on cadmium accumulation in rice and the soil microbial community |
| 投稿时间：2023-12-28 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2023-1111 |
| 中文关键词: 水稻 镉 生物炭 含硫化合物 细菌群落 |
| 英文关键词: rice cadmium biochar sulfur compounds bacterial community |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（U21A2033） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 517 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究生物炭与含硫化合物（硫酸钠和硫酸锰）对水稻镉积累的阻控效果，采用盆栽试验，研究了生物炭和含硫化合物单独施用及其联合施用对水稻镉吸收及土壤理化性质、酶活性和微生物群落结构的影响。结果表明：与对照（不施加生物炭和含硫化合物）相比，施用生物炭或含硫化合物均显著降低糙米镉含量，其中生物炭和硫酸锰联合施用的效果最好，糙米镉含量从0.57mg·kg-1降至0.19 mg·kg-1，达到食品安全国家标准；水稻根系及茎叶中硫和锰的含量分别显著提高了53.42%~68.91%和38.17%~42.62%，同时土壤pH显著上升了0.31个单位，有效态镉含量显著降低了41.56%，有效态硫和锰含量以及脲酶、脱氢酶和蔗糖酶活性均显著上升。此外，生物炭和硫酸锰联合施用增加了水稻根际土壤中优势细菌门Chloroflexi、Firmicutes、Desulfobacterota和Proteobacteria的相对丰度。冗余分析显示，Chloroflexi、Firmicutes、Desulfobacterota和Proteobacteria与土壤有效态镉含量呈负相关。综上，生物炭和硫酸锰联合施用能显著提高水稻体内硫和锰的含量，改善土壤理化性质和细菌群落结构，提高土壤酶活性，降低土壤中镉的生物有效性，从而抑制水稻对镉的吸收和累积。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the suppressive impact of biochar and sulfur compounds（sodium and manganese sulfates） on cadmium accumulation in rice, a pot experiment was conducted to explore the effects of these compounds applied individually and in combination on cadmium accumulation in rice, soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activity, and microbial community. Significant reductions in cadmium concentrations in brown rice were observed when either biochar or sulfur compounds were applied, compared to the control treatment without these amendments. The most significant reduction in cadmium concentrations in brown rice occurred with the treatment combining biochar and manganese sulfate, with a reduction from 0.57 mg·kg-1 to 0.19 mg·kg-1, meeting the national food safety standard. Furthermore, sulfur and manganese concentrations in rice roots and straw significantly increased, with sulfur levels rising between 53.42% and 68.91% and manganese levels increasing by 38.17% to 42.62%. Soil pH increased significantly by 0.31 values, accompanied by significant increases in the availability of sulfur and manganese, as well as in the activities of urease, dehydrogenase, and sucrase. Conversely, there was a significant decrease in the available cadmium content, with a reduction of 41.56%. Additionally, the combined application of biochar and manganese sulfate increased the relative abundance of dominant bacterial phyla in rhizosphere soils, particularly Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Desulfobacterota, and Proteobacteria. Redundancy analysis unveiled a negative correlation between Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Desulfobacterota, and Proteobacteria and the bioavailability of cadmium in soil. Thus, combined application of biochar and manganese sulfate increased sulfur and manganese concentrations in rice, improved soil physicochemical properties and the bacterial community, enhanced soil enzyme activity, and reduced the bioavailability of cadmium in soil, thereby reducing the accumulation of cadmium in rice. |
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