| 王玉林,陈颖,周一梅,郑新宇.竹醋液和竹焦油对洋葱根尖的细胞毒性[J].农业环境科学学报,2024,43(12):2867-2875. |
| 竹醋液和竹焦油对洋葱根尖的细胞毒性 |
| Cytotoxicity of bamboo vinegar and bamboo tar on Allium cepa L. root tip |
| 投稿时间：2024-07-20 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0619 |
| 中文关键词: 竹醋液 竹焦油 洋葱 染色体畸变 彗星实验 |
| 英文关键词: bamboo vinegar bamboo tar onion chromosomal aberration comet assay |
| 基金项目:福建省自然科学基金项目（面上）（2019J01383）；福建农林大学校级科研科技创新基金项目（KFB23079A） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了明确竹醋液（BV）和竹焦油（BT）对植物的潜在危害，推动其在环境排放和农业方面安全使用技术规范的建立，本研究以洋葱作为供试植物，研究了不同浓度BV与BT处理对洋葱根尖的细胞毒性和遗传毒性，采用细胞相对活力、有丝分裂指数等指标来判断处理组洋葱根尖的细胞毒性；通过染色体畸变率、微核率、DNA损伤程度来判断遗传毒性。结果表明，两种试剂对洋葱根尖的生长均存在“低促高抑”的现象。处理72 h后，1% BV处理的根伸长量下降了97.49%，洋葱在10%的BV溶液、0.2%的BT溶液中，均无法生长，BV和BT对洋葱根生长的半抑制浓度（IC50）分别为0.01%和0.02%；BV遗传毒性较弱，但长时间高浓度处理仍会影响有丝分裂并损伤DNA，0.1% BT同样产生了细胞毒性，并在遗传毒性方面表现为染色体畸变率高达9.09%，并对DNA造成重度损伤。研究表明，BV对洋葱根尖的细胞和遗传毒性较低，而BT会对洋葱根尖细胞产生细胞毒性和中重度遗传毒性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To assess the potential hazards of bamboo vinegar（BV）and bamboo tar（BT）to plants and to support the development of technical specifications for their safe use in environmental and agricultural applications, this study used onion as the test plant to investigate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of onion root tips treated with these substances at various concentrations. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by measuring cell relative viability and the mitosis index, while genotoxicity was assessed through chromosome aberration rates, micronucleus formation, and DNA damage. The findings revealed that both BV and BT had a “low-promoting and high-suppressing” effect on onion root tip growth. Specifically, onion roots did not grow in 10%BV or 0.2% BT solutions. After 72 h of treatment, root elongation in a 1% BV solution decreased by 97.49%. The semi-inhibitory concentrations（IC50）for BV and BT affecting onion root tip growth were 0.01% and 0.02%, respectively. While BV displayed weak genotoxicity, prolonged exposure to high concentrations still impacted mitosis and caused DNA damage. BT, on the other hand, demonstrated cytotoxicity at 0.1%, with a chromosome aberration rate of 9.09% and severe DNA damage. In conclusion, BV shows low cytotoxicity and genotoxicity to onion root tip cells, whereas BT results in significant cytotoxicity and moderate to severe genotoxicity. |
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