| 黄莉,周澎,王雪蕾,冯爱萍,尹文杰,谢成玉,王玉,陈华杰.基于遥感技术的北方草原型河流面源污染贡献解析[J].农业环境科学学报,2024,43(12):2856-2866. |
| 基于遥感技术的北方草原型河流面源污染贡献解析 |
| Analysis on the contribution of non-point source pollution of grassland river in northern China based on remote sensing technology |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-13 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0950 |
| 中文关键词: 北方草原型河流 遥感 面源污染贡献 消落带 水土流失 |
| 英文关键词: northern grassland river remote sensing non-point source pollution contribution water-level fluctuation zone soil erosion |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFB3903502） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨人口密度较小且地表径流不显著的北方草原型河流受面源污染影响程度，以支撑区域水环境质量客观评价，本研究以闪电河流域为例，围绕白城子断面汛期CODCr和CODMn污染来源不清和贡献不明等问题，依托卫星遥感监测技术，综合运用地面监测、实验模拟和模型评估等多元技术手段，对研究区2020—2022年消落带和水土流失面源污染进行综合评估分析，并结合水质实测数据及水量遥感估算数据，量化解析了面源污染对白城子断面水质的贡献率。结果表明：3年间（2020—2022年）研究区消落带面源污染表现为草地输出量>粪便输出量>裸土输出量的特征，5—9月消落带型面源污染对白城子断面CODCr和CODMn的平均贡献率均达到70%，水土流失型面源污染程度轻微，对白城子断面CODCr和CODMn的平均贡献率均低于1%；按自然面源与人为面源贡献统计显示，白城子断面5—9月CODCr和CODMn浓度升高主要受自然面源影响，3年间自然面源输出量对白城子断面水质贡献率平均值达到65%，人为面源输出量对白城子断面水质贡献率低于10%。本研究有效评估了北方草原型河流面源污染的环境影响，客观分析了自然因素和人类活动对河流水质不稳定达标的影响，可为实施“监测为主，灵活考核”的水环境质量客观评价提供技术支撑。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to explore the influence of non-point source pollution on grassland river in northern China with small population density and insignificant surface runoff, and to support the objective evaluation of regional water environment quality, this study takes the Shandian River basin as an example, focusing on the unclear sources and contributions of CODCr and CODMn pollution in the Baichengzi section during flood season, on the basis of satellite remote sensing technology, a multiple technical approach was applied that integrated ground monitoring, experimental simulation and model evaluation to analyze the non-point source pollution of water-level fluctuation zone and soil erosion in the study area from 2020 to 2022 comprehensively, and the contribution of non-point source pollution to Baichengzi section water quality was quantitatively analyzed based on the measured data of water quality and the estimated data of river discharge by remote sensing. The results show that the non-point source pollution from water-level fluctuation zone in the study area is characterized by grassland output > feces output > bare soil output. The average contribution rate of non-point source pollution from the water-level fluctuation zone to CODCr and CODMn in Baichengzi section reached 70% from May to September, and the level of non-point source pollution from soil erosion was slight, which average contribution rate was less than 1%. According to the statistic results of natural and human diffuse pollution outputs, the increase of CODCr and CODMn concentration in Baichengzi section from May to September was mainly influenced by natural factors, and the average contribution rate of natural non-point source pollution to water quality in Baichengzi section reached 65% in three years, while the contribution rate of human non-point source pollution was less than 10%. This study effectively evaluate the environmental impact of non-point source pollution in northern grassland river, especially objectively analyze the impact of natural factors and human activities on the unstable water quality, which can provide technical support for the implementation of the objective evaluation of water environmental quality with "monitoring first and flexible assessment". |
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